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\section{A Krylov two-stage algorithm}
+We propose a two-stage algorithm to solve large sparse linear systems of the form $Ax=b$ based on iterative Krylov sub-space methods.
-\begin{algorithm}[!t]
+\begin{algorithm}[!h]
\caption{A Krylov two-stage algorithm}
\begin{algorithmic}[1]
-\Input $A_\ell$ (sparse sub-matrix), $B_\ell$ (right-hand side sub-vector)
-\Output $X_\ell$ (solution sub-vector)\vspace{0.2cm}
-\State Load $A_\ell$, $B_\ell$
-\State Set the initial guess $x^0$
-\State Set the minimizer $\tilde{x}^0=x^0$
-\For {$k=1,2,3,\ldots$ until the global convergence}
-\State Restart with $x^0=\tilde{x}^{k-1}$:
-\For {$j=1,2,\ldots,s$}
-\State \label{line7}Inner iteration solver: \Call{InnerSolver}{$x^0$, $j$}
-\State Construct basis $S$: add column vector $X_\ell^j$ to the matrix $S_\ell^k$
-\State Exchange local values of $X_\ell^j$ with the neighboring clusters
-\State Compute dense matrix $R$: $R_\ell^{k,j}=\sum^L_{i=1}A_{\ell i}X_i^j$
-\EndFor
-\State \label{line12}Minimization $\|b-R\alpha\|_2$: \Call{UpdateMinimizer}{$S_\ell$, $R$, $b$, $k$}
-\State Local solution of linear system $Ax=b$: $X_\ell^k=\tilde{X}_\ell^k$
-\State Exchange the local minimizer $\tilde{X}_\ell^k$ with the neighboring clusters
-\EndFor
-
-\Statex
-
-\Function {InnerSolver}{$x^0$, $j$}
-\State Compute local right-hand side $Y_\ell = B_\ell - \sum^L_{\substack{m=1\\m\neq \ell}}A_{\ell m}X_m^0$
-\State Solving local splitting $A_{\ell \ell}X_\ell^j=Y_\ell$ using parallel GMRES method, such that $X_\ell^0$ is the initial guess
-\State \Return $X_\ell^j$
-\EndFunction
-
-\Statex
-
-\Function {UpdateMinimizer}{$S_\ell$, $R$, $b$, $k$}
-\State Solving normal equations $(R^k)^TR^k\alpha^k=(R^k)^Tb$ in parallel by $L$ clusters using parallel CGNR method
-\State Compute local minimizer $\tilde{X}_\ell^k=S_\ell^k\alpha^k$
-\State \Return $\tilde{X}_\ell^k$
-\EndFunction
+ \Input $A$ (sparse matrix), $b$ (right-hand side)
+ \Output $x$ (solution vector)\vspace{0.2cm}
+ \State Set the initial guess $x^0$
+ \For {$k=1,2,3,\ldots$ until convergence}
+ \State Solve iteratively $Ax^k=b$
+ \State Add vector $x^k$ to Krylov basis $S$
+ \If {$k$ mod $s=0$ {\bf and} not convergence}
+ \State Compute dense matrix $R=AS$
+ \State Solve least-squares problem $\|b-R\alpha\|_2$
+ \State Compute minimizer $x^k=S\alpha$
+ \State Reinitialize Krylov basis $S$
+ \EndIf
+ \EndFor
\end{algorithmic}
\label{algo:01}
\end{algorithm}
