X-Git-Url: https://bilbo.iut-bm.univ-fcomte.fr/and/gitweb/Krylov_multi.git/blobdiff_plain/c9242f9fee68ee32282c6b18679048eb4c3056b4..bff945938f0b91befb7ef3011e4a0e4837d2332f:/krylov_multi_reviewed.tex?ds=inline

diff --git a/krylov_multi_reviewed.tex b/krylov_multi_reviewed.tex
index 73881ba..42a47d0 100644
--- a/krylov_multi_reviewed.tex
+++ b/krylov_multi_reviewed.tex
@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@
 \usepackage{multirow}
 \usepackage{authblk}
 
-\algnewcommand\algorithmicinput{\textbf{Input:}}
+
+\algnewcommand\algorithmicinput{\textbf{I1nput:}}
 \algnewcommand\Input{\item[\algorithmicinput]}
 
 \algnewcommand\algorithmicoutput{\textbf{Output:}}
@@ -92,12 +93,13 @@ using  asynchronous  iterative  methods~\cite{ref18}  or in  using  multisplitti
 algorithmss.  In this  paper,  we will  reconsider  the use  of a  multisplitting
 method. In opposition to traditional multisplitting method that suffer from slow
 convergence, as  proposed in~\cite{huang1993krylov},  the use of  a minimization
-process can drastically improve the convergence.
+process can drastically improve the convergence.\\
 
 
 %%% AJOUTE************************
 %%%*******************************
-In this work we develop a new parallel two-stage algorithm for large-scale clusters. Our objective is to mix between Krylov based iterative methods and the multisplitting method to improve the scalability. In fact Krylov subspace methods are well-known for their good convergence compared to others iterative methods. So our main contribution is to use the multisplitting method which splits the problem to solve into different blocks in order to reduce the large amount of communications and, to implement both inner and outer iterations as Krylov subspace iterations improving the convergence of the multisplitting algorithm.
+\noindent {\bf Contributions:}\\ 
+In this work we develop a new parallel two-stage algorithm for large-scale clusters. Our objective is to mix between Krylov based iterative methods and the multisplitting method to improve the scalability. In fact Krylov subspace methods are well-known for their good convergence compared to others iterative methods. So our main contribution is to use the multisplitting method which splits the problem to solve into different blocks in order to reduce the large amount of communications and, to implement both inner and outer iterations as Krylov subspace iterations improving the convergence of the multisplitting algorithm.\\
 %%%*******************************
 %%%*******************************
 
@@ -319,10 +321,12 @@ The main key points of our Krylov multisplitting method to solve a large sparse
 
 \section{Experiments}
 \label{sec:04}
-In order to illustrate  the interest  of our algorithm, we have  compared our
-algorithm  with  the  GMRES  method  which  is a commonly  used  method  in  many
-situations.  We have chosen to focus on only one problem which is very simple to
-implement: a 3 dimension Poisson problem.
+%%% MODIFIE ***********************
+%%%********************************
+In order to illustrate the interest of our Krylov multisplitting algorithm, we have compared its performances with those of a classical block Jacobi multisplitting method and those of the GMRES method which is a commonly used method in many situations.
+%%%********************************
+%%%********************************
+ We have chosen to focus on only one problem which is very simple to implement: a 3 dimension Poisson problem.
 
 \begin{equation}
 \left\{
@@ -341,11 +345,38 @@ obtained for  a 3D Poisson  problem, the number  of iterations is high.  Using a
 preconditioner  it  is   possible  to  reduce  the  number   of  iterations  but
 preconditioners are not scalable when using many cores.
 
+
+
+%%% MODIFIE ***********************
+%%%********************************
+We have performed some experiments on an infiniband cluster of 3 nodes of Intel Xeon quad-core CPU E5620 2.40 GHz and 12 GB of memory. For the GMRES code (alone and in both multisplitting versions) the restart parameter is fixed to 16. The precision of the GMRES version is fixed to 1e-6. For the multisplitting versions, there are two precisions, one for the external solver which is fixed to 1e-6 and another one for the inner solver (GMRES) which is fixed to 1e-10. It should be noted that a high precision is used but we also fixed a maximum number of iterations for each internal step. In practice, we limit the number of iterations in the internal step to 10. So an internal iteration is finished when the precision is reached or when the maximum internal number of iterations is reached. The precision and the maximum number of iterations of CGNR method used by our Krylov multisplitting algorithm are fixed to 1e-25 and 20 respectively. The size of the Krylov subspace basis S is fixed to 10 vectors.
+
+\begin{figure}[htbp]
+\centering
+  \includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{strong_scaling_150x150x150}
+\caption{Strong scaling with 3 blocks of cores}
+\label{fig:001}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{figure}[htbp]
+\centering
+\begin{tabular}{c}
+\includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{weak_scaling_280k} \\ \includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{weak_scaling_280K}\\
+\end{tabular}
+\caption{Weak scaling with 3 blocks of cores}
+\label{fig:002}
+\end{figure}
+
+%%%********************************
+%%%********************************
+
+
+
 %Doing many experiments  with many cores is  not easy and requires to  access to a supercomputer  with several  hours for  developing  a code  and then  improving it. 
 In the following we present some experiments we could achieve out on the Hector
 architecture,  a UK's  high-end computing  resource, funded  by the  UK Research
 Councils~\cite{hector}.  This is  a Cray  XE6 supercomputer,  equipped  with two
-16-core AMD  Opteron 2.3 Ghz  and 32 GB  of memory. Machines  are interconnected
+16-core AMD  Opteron 2.3 GHz  and 32 GB  of memory. Machines  are interconnected
 with a 3D torus.
 
 Table~\ref{tab1} shows  the result of  the experiments.  The first  column shows
@@ -394,6 +425,9 @@ $743^3$ & 8,192 (4x2,048)        & 704.4     & 87,822    & 4.80e-07 &  110.3   &
 \end{table}
 
 
+
+
+
 From these  experiments, it can be  observed that the  multisplitting version is
 always  faster   than  the  GMRES   version.   The  acceleration  gain   of  the
 multisplitting version ranges between 4 and 6.  It can be noticed that the number of
@@ -403,6 +437,40 @@ better performance than simply using 2 clusters. In fact, we can notice that the
 precision with 2 clusters is slightly  better but in both cases the precision is
 under the specified threshold.
 
+
+%%% AJOUTE************************
+%%%*******************************
+In Figure~\ref{fig:01}, the number of iterations per second is reported for both
+GMRES and the  multisplitting methods. It should be noted that  we took only the
+inner number  of iterations (i.e.  the GMRES iterations) for  the multisplitting
+method. Iterations of CGNR are not  taken into account. From this figure, it can
+be seen that the  number of iterations per second is higher  with GMRES but it is
+not  so different  with the  multisplitting method.  For the  case  with $8,192$
+cores,  the number of  iterations per  second with  4 clusters  is approximately
+equals to 115. So it is not different from GMRES.
+
+
+\begin{figure}[htbp]
+\centering
+  \includegraphics[width=0.7\textwidth]{nb_iter_sec}
+\caption{Number of iterations per second  with the same parameters as in Table~\ref{tab1} (weak scaling) with only 2 clusters}
+\label{fig:01}
+\end{figure}
+
+
+\noindent {\bf Final remarks:}\\
+It should  be noted, on  the one  hand, that the  development of a  complete new
+method usable with any  kind of problem is a really long  and fastidious task if
+one is working from  scratch. On the other hand, using an  existing tool for the
+inner solver is also not easy because it requires to make link between the inner
+solver  and the outer  one.  We  plan to  do that  later with  engineers working
+specifically on  that point.  Moreover,  we think that  it is very  important to
+analyze the convergence  of this method compared to other  method. In this work,
+we have  focused on the  description of this  method and its performance  with a
+typical application. Many other investigations are required for this method as explained in the next section.
+%%%*******************************
+%%%*******************************
+
 \section{Conclusion and perspectives}
 We  have implemented  a  Krylov  multisplitting method  to  solve sparse  linear
 systems  on large-scale computing  platforms.  We  have developed  a synchronous