-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.2.2}Simulation Tools}{61}{subsection.3.2.2}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.3}Optimization Solvers}{66}{section.3.3}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.4}Conclusion}{69}{section.3.4}
-\contentsline {part}{II\hspace {1em}Contributions}{71}{part.2}
-\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {4}Distributed Lifetime Coverage Optimization Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks}{73}{chapter.4}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.1}Introduction}{73}{section.4.1}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.2}Description of the DiLCO Protocol}{74}{section.4.2}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.2.1}Assumptions and Network Model}{74}{subsection.4.2.1}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.2.2}Primary Point Coverage Model}{75}{subsection.4.2.2}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.2.3}Main Idea}{76}{subsection.4.2.3}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {4.2.3.1}Information Exchange Phase}{77}{subsubsection.4.2.3.1}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {4.2.3.2}Leader Election Phase}{77}{subsubsection.4.2.3.2}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {4.2.3.3}Decision phase}{77}{subsubsection.4.2.3.3}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {4.2.3.4}Sensing phase}{77}{subsubsection.4.2.3.4}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.3}Primary Points based Coverage Problem Formulation}{78}{section.4.3}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.4}Simulation Results and Analysis}{80}{section.4.4}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.1}Simulation Framework}{80}{subsection.4.4.1}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.2}Modeling Language and Optimization Solver}{80}{subsection.4.4.2}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.3}Energy Consumption Model}{80}{subsection.4.4.3}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.4}Performance Metrics}{81}{subsection.4.4.4}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.5}Performance Analysis for Different Subregions}{82}{subsection.4.4.5}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.6}Performance Analysis for Primary Point Models}{88}{subsection.4.4.6}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.7}Performance Comparison with other Approaches}{93}{subsection.4.4.7}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.5}Conclusion}{99}{section.4.5}
-\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {5}Multiround Distributed Lifetime Coverage Optimization Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks}{101}{chapter.5}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.1}Introduction}{101}{section.5.1}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.2}MuDiLCO Protocol Description}{102}{section.5.2}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.2.1}Background Idea and Algorithm}{102}{subsection.5.2.1}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.3}Primary Points based Multiround Coverage Problem Formulation}{103}{section.5.3}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.4}Experimental Study and Analysis}{105}{section.5.4}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.4.1}Simulation Setup}{105}{subsection.5.4.1}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.4.2}Metrics}{106}{subsection.5.4.2}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.4.3}Results Analysis and Comparison }{107}{subsection.5.4.3}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.5}Conclusion}{112}{section.5.5}
-\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {6}Perimeter-based Coverage Optimization to Improve Lifetime in Wireless Sensor Networks}{115}{chapter.6}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.1}Introduction}{115}{section.6.1}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.2}The PeCO Protocol Description}{116}{section.6.2}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.2.1}Assumptions and Models}{116}{subsection.6.2.1}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.2.2}The Main Idea}{119}{subsection.6.2.2}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.2.3}PeCO Protocol Algorithm}{119}{subsection.6.2.3}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.3}Perimeter-based Coverage Problem Formulation}{120}{section.6.3}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.4}Performance Evaluation and Analysis}{122}{section.6.4}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.4.1}Simulation Settings}{122}{subsection.6.4.1}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.4.2}Simulation Results}{123}{subsection.6.4.2}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {6.4.2.1}Coverage Ratio}{124}{subsubsection.6.4.2.1}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {6.4.2.2}Active Sensors Ratio}{124}{subsubsection.6.4.2.2}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {6.4.2.3}The Energy Consumption}{125}{subsubsection.6.4.2.3}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {6.4.2.4}The Network Lifetime}{125}{subsubsection.6.4.2.4}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.5}Conclusion}{128}{section.6.5}
-\contentsline {part}{III\hspace {1em}Conclusion and Perspectives}{129}{part.3}
-\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {7}Conclusion and Perspectives}{131}{chapter.7}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.1}Conclusion}{131}{section.7.1}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.2}Perspectives}{132}{section.7.2}
-\contentsline {part}{Bibliographie}{148}{chapter*.13}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.2.2}Simulation Tools}{62}{subsection.3.2.2}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.3}Optimization Solvers}{64}{section.3.3}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.4}Conclusion}{68}{section.3.4}
+\contentsline {part}{II\hspace {1em}Contributions}{69}{part.2}
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {4}Distributed Lifetime Coverage Optimization Protocol}{71}{chapter.4}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.1}Introduction}{71}{section.4.1}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.2}Description of the DiLCO Protocol}{72}{section.4.2}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.2.1}Assumptions and Network Model}{72}{subsection.4.2.1}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.2.2}Primary Point Coverage Model}{73}{subsection.4.2.2}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.2.3}Main Idea}{73}{subsection.4.2.3}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {4.2.3.1}Information Exchange Phase}{75}{subsubsection.4.2.3.1}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {4.2.3.2}Leader Election Phase}{75}{subsubsection.4.2.3.2}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {4.2.3.3}Decision phase}{76}{subsubsection.4.2.3.3}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {4.2.3.4}Sensing phase}{76}{subsubsection.4.2.3.4}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.3}Coverage Problem Formulation}{77}{section.4.3}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.4}Simulation Results and Analysis}{78}{section.4.4}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.1}Simulation Framework}{78}{subsection.4.4.1}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.2}Modeling Language and Optimization Solver}{78}{subsection.4.4.2}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.3}Energy Consumption Model}{79}{subsection.4.4.3}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.4}Performance Metrics}{79}{subsection.4.4.4}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.5}Performance Analysis for Different Number of Subregions}{81}{subsection.4.4.5}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.6}Performance Analysis for Different Number of Primary Points}{87}{subsection.4.4.6}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.7}Performance Comparison with other Approaches}{91}{subsection.4.4.7}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.5}Conclusion}{98}{section.4.5}
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {5}Multiround Distributed Lifetime Coverage Optimization Protocol}{99}{chapter.5}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.1}Introduction}{99}{section.5.1}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.2}Description of the MuDiLCO Protocol }{99}{section.5.2}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.3}Primary Points based Multiround Coverage Problem Formulation}{101}{section.5.3}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.4}Experimental Study and Analysis}{102}{section.5.4}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.4.1}Simulation Setup}{102}{subsection.5.4.1}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.4.2}Metrics}{102}{subsection.5.4.2}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.4.3}Results Analysis and Comparison }{103}{subsection.5.4.3}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.5}Conclusion}{110}{section.5.5}
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {6} Perimeter-based Coverage Optimization to Improve Lifetime in WSNs}{111}{chapter.6}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.1}Introduction}{111}{section.6.1}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.2}Description of the PeCO Protocol}{111}{section.6.2}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.2.1}Assumptions and Models}{111}{subsection.6.2.1}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.2.2}PeCO Protocol Algorithm}{114}{subsection.6.2.2}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.3}Perimeter-based Coverage Problem Formulation}{116}{section.6.3}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.4}Performance Evaluation and Analysis}{117}{section.6.4}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.4.1}Simulation Settings}{117}{subsection.6.4.1}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.4.2}Simulation Results}{118}{subsection.6.4.2}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {6.4.2.1}Coverage Ratio}{118}{subsubsection.6.4.2.1}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {6.4.2.2}Active Sensors Ratio}{118}{subsubsection.6.4.2.2}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {6.4.2.3}Energy Consumption}{119}{subsubsection.6.4.2.3}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {6.4.2.4}Network Lifetime}{119}{subsubsection.6.4.2.4}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {6.4.2.5}Impact of $\alpha $ and $\beta $ on PeCO's performance}{120}{subsubsection.6.4.2.5}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.5}Conclusion}{124}{section.6.5}
+\contentsline {part}{III\hspace {1em}Conclusion and Perspectives}{125}{part.3}
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {7}Conclusion and Perspectives}{127}{chapter.7}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.1}Conclusion}{127}{section.7.1}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.2}Perspectives}{128}{section.7.2}
+\contentsline {part}{Publications}{131}{chapter*.13}
+\contentsline {part}{Bibliographie}{133}{section*.16}