-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.2}Coverage Algorithms}{42}{section.2.2}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.2.1}Centralized Algorithms}{43}{subsection.2.2.1}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.2.2}Distributed Algorithms}{45}{subsection.2.2.2}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.3}Conclusion}{48}{section.2.3}
-\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {3}Evaluation Tools and Optimization Solvers}{51}{chapter.3}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.1}Introduction}{51}{section.3.1}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.2}Evaluation Tools}{51}{section.3.2}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.2.1}Testbed Tools}{52}{subsection.3.2.1}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.2.2}Simulation Tools}{53}{subsection.3.2.2}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.3}Optimization Solvers}{56}{section.3.3}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.4}Conclusion}{61}{section.3.4}
-\contentsline {part}{II\hspace {1em}Contributions}{63}{part.2}
-\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {4}Distributed Lifetime Coverage Optimization Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks}{65}{chapter.4}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.1}Summary}{65}{section.4.1}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.2}Description of the DiLCO Protocol}{65}{section.4.2}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.2.1}Assumptions and Network Model}{65}{subsection.4.2.1}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.2.2}Primary Point Coverage Model}{66}{subsection.4.2.2}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.2.3}Main Idea}{67}{subsection.4.2.3}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {4.2.3.1}Information Exchange Phase}{68}{subsubsection.4.2.3.1}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {4.2.3.2}Leader Election Phase}{69}{subsubsection.4.2.3.2}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {4.2.3.3}Decision phase}{69}{subsubsection.4.2.3.3}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {4.2.3.4}Sensing phase}{69}{subsubsection.4.2.3.4}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.3}Primary Points based Coverage Problem Formulation}{69}{section.4.3}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.4}Simulation Results and Analysis}{71}{section.4.4}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.1}Simulation Framework}{71}{subsection.4.4.1}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.2}Modeling Language and Optimization Solver}{72}{subsection.4.4.2}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.3}Energy Consumption Model}{72}{subsection.4.4.3}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.4}Performance Metrics}{73}{subsection.4.4.4}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.5}Performance Analysis for Different Subregions}{74}{subsection.4.4.5}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.6}Performance Analysis for Primary Point Models}{79}{subsection.4.4.6}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.7}Performance Comparison with other Approaches}{83}{subsection.4.4.7}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.5}Conclusion}{88}{section.4.5}
-\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {5}Multiround Distributed Lifetime Coverage Optimization Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks}{91}{chapter.5}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.1}Summary}{91}{section.5.1}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.2}MuDiLCO Protocol Description}{91}{section.5.2}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.2.1}Background Idea and Algorithm}{92}{subsection.5.2.1}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.2.2}Primary Points based Multiround Coverage Problem Formulation}{93}{subsection.5.2.2}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.3}Experimental Study and Analysis}{95}{section.5.3}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.3.1}Simulation Setup}{95}{subsection.5.3.1}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.3.2}Metrics}{96}{subsection.5.3.2}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.3.3}Results Analysis and Comparison }{97}{subsection.5.3.3}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.4}Conclusion}{100}{section.5.4}
-\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {6}Perimeter-based Coverage Optimization to Improve Lifetime in Wireless Sensor Networks}{103}{chapter.6}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.1}summary}{103}{section.6.1}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.2}THE PeCO PROTOCOL DESCRIPTION}{103}{section.6.2}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.2.1}Assumptions and Models}{103}{subsection.6.2.1}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.2.2}The Main Idea}{106}{subsection.6.2.2}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.2.3}PeCO Protocol Algorithm}{107}{subsection.6.2.3}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.3}Perimeter-based Coverage Problem Formulation}{108}{section.6.3}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.4}Performance Evaluation and Analysis}{110}{section.6.4}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.4.1}Simulation Settings}{110}{subsection.6.4.1}
-\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.4.2}Simulation Results}{111}{subsection.6.4.2}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {6.4.2.1}Coverage Ratio}{111}{subsubsection.6.4.2.1}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {6.4.2.2}Active Sensors Ratio}{112}{subsubsection.6.4.2.2}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {6.4.2.3}The Energy Consumption}{112}{subsubsection.6.4.2.3}
-\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {6.4.2.4}The Network Lifetime}{112}{subsubsection.6.4.2.4}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.5}Conclusion}{113}{section.6.5}
-\contentsline {part}{III\hspace {1em}Conclusion and Perspectives}{117}{part.3}
-\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {7}Conclusion and Perspectives}{119}{chapter.7}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.1}Conclusion}{119}{section.7.1}
-\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.2}Perspectives}{120}{section.7.2}
-\contentsline {part}{Bibliographie}{136}{chapter*.6}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.2}Centralized Algorithms}{43}{section.2.2}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.3}Distributed Algorithms}{46}{section.2.3}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.3.1}GAF}{48}{subsection.2.3.1}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.3.2}DESK}{49}{subsection.2.3.2}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.4}Conclusion}{50}{section.2.4}
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {3}Evaluation Tools and Optimization Solvers}{55}{chapter.3}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.1}Introduction}{55}{section.3.1}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.2}Evaluation Tools}{55}{section.3.2}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.2.1}Testbed Tools}{56}{subsection.3.2.1}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {3.2.2}Simulation Tools}{57}{subsection.3.2.2}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.3}Optimization Solvers}{62}{section.3.3}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {3.4}Conclusion}{65}{section.3.4}
+\contentsline {part}{II\hspace {1em}Contributions}{67}{part.2}
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {4}Distributed Lifetime Coverage Optimization Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks}{69}{chapter.4}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.1}Introduction}{69}{section.4.1}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.2}Description of the DiLCO Protocol}{70}{section.4.2}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.2.1}Assumptions and Network Model}{70}{subsection.4.2.1}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.2.2}Primary Point Coverage Model}{71}{subsection.4.2.2}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.2.3}Main Idea}{72}{subsection.4.2.3}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {4.2.3.1}Information Exchange Phase}{73}{subsubsection.4.2.3.1}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {4.2.3.2}Leader Election Phase}{73}{subsubsection.4.2.3.2}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {4.2.3.3}Decision phase}{73}{subsubsection.4.2.3.3}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {4.2.3.4}Sensing phase}{73}{subsubsection.4.2.3.4}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.3}Primary Points based Coverage Problem Formulation}{74}{section.4.3}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.4}Simulation Results and Analysis}{76}{section.4.4}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.1}Simulation Framework}{76}{subsection.4.4.1}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.2}Modeling Language and Optimization Solver}{76}{subsection.4.4.2}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.3}Energy Consumption Model}{76}{subsection.4.4.3}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.4}Performance Metrics}{77}{subsection.4.4.4}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.5}Performance Analysis for Different Subregions}{78}{subsection.4.4.5}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.6}Performance Analysis for Primary Point Models}{84}{subsection.4.4.6}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {4.4.7}Performance Comparison with other Approaches}{89}{subsection.4.4.7}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {4.5}Conclusion}{95}{section.4.5}
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {5}Multiround Distributed Lifetime Coverage Optimization Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks}{97}{chapter.5}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.1}Introduction}{97}{section.5.1}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.2}MuDiLCO Protocol Description}{98}{section.5.2}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.2.1}Background Idea and Algorithm}{98}{subsection.5.2.1}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.3}Primary Points based Multiround Coverage Problem Formulation}{99}{section.5.3}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.4}Experimental Study and Analysis}{101}{section.5.4}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.4.1}Simulation Setup}{101}{subsection.5.4.1}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.4.2}Metrics}{102}{subsection.5.4.2}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {5.4.3}Results Analysis and Comparison }{103}{subsection.5.4.3}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {5.5}Conclusion}{108}{section.5.5}
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {6}Perimeter-based Coverage Optimization to Improve Lifetime in Wireless Sensor Networks}{111}{chapter.6}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.1}Introduction}{111}{section.6.1}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.2}The PeCO Protocol Description}{112}{section.6.2}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.2.1}Assumptions and Models}{112}{subsection.6.2.1}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.2.2}The Main Idea}{115}{subsection.6.2.2}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.2.3}PeCO Protocol Algorithm}{115}{subsection.6.2.3}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.3}Perimeter-based Coverage Problem Formulation}{116}{section.6.3}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.4}Performance Evaluation and Analysis}{118}{section.6.4}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.4.1}Simulation Settings}{118}{subsection.6.4.1}
+\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {6.4.2}Simulation Results}{119}{subsection.6.4.2}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {6.4.2.1}Coverage Ratio}{120}{subsubsection.6.4.2.1}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {6.4.2.2}Active Sensors Ratio}{120}{subsubsection.6.4.2.2}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {6.4.2.3}The Energy Consumption}{121}{subsubsection.6.4.2.3}
+\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {6.4.2.4}The Network Lifetime}{121}{subsubsection.6.4.2.4}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {6.5}Conclusion}{124}{section.6.5}
+\contentsline {part}{III\hspace {1em}Conclusion and Perspectives}{125}{part.3}
+\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {7}Conclusion and Perspectives}{127}{chapter.7}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.1}Conclusion}{127}{section.7.1}
+\contentsline {section}{\numberline {7.2}Perspectives}{128}{section.7.2}
+\contentsline {part}{Bibliographie}{144}{chapter*.11}
