Update by Ali 15-1-2015

[ThesisAli.git] / CHAPITRE_01.tex

diff --git a/CHAPITRE_01.tex b/CHAPITRE_01.tex
index e31b93a671edf636a2bf7350ceb44be8da7aa162..971dbebb563a2e15b7a906ba1382531ef3aea2e1 100644 (file)
--- a/CHAPITRE_01.tex
+++ b/CHAPITRE_01.tex
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 
 \section{Introduction}
 \label{ch1:sec:01}
 
 \section{Introduction}
 \label{ch1:sec:01}

-The wireless networking has been receiving more attention and fast growth in the last decade. The growing demand for the use of wireless applications and emerging the wireless devices such as portable computers, cellular phones, and personal digital assistants (PDAs) have been led to develop different infrastructures of wireless networks. The wireless networks can be classified into two classes based on network architecture~\cite{ref154,ref155}: Infrastructure-based networks that consists of  a fixed network structure such as cellular networks and wireless local-area networks
+The wireless networking has been receiving more attention and fast growth in the last decade. The growing demand for the use of wireless applications and emerging the wireless devices such as portable computers, cellular phones, and personal digital assistants (PDAs) have been led to develop different infrastructures of wireless networks. The wireless networks can be classified into two classes based on network architecture~\cite{ref154,ref155}: Infrastructure-based networks that consists of a fixed network structure such as cellular networks and wireless local-area networks

 (WLANs); and Infrastructureless networks that constructed dynamically by the cooperation of the wireless nodes in the network, where each node capable of sending the packets and taking the decision based on the network status. Examples for such type of networks include mobile ad hoc networks and wireless sensor networks. Figure~\ref{WNT} shows the taxonomy of wireless networks.
 
 \begin{figure}[h!]
 (WLANs); and Infrastructureless networks that constructed dynamically by the cooperation of the wireless nodes in the network, where each node capable of sending the packets and taking the decision based on the network status. Examples for such type of networks include mobile ad hoc networks and wireless sensor networks. Figure~\ref{WNT} shows the taxonomy of wireless networks.
 
 \begin{figure}[h!]


@@ -407,6 +407,7 @@ In this section, two energy consumption models are explained. The first model ca
 
 
 \subsection{Radio Energy Dissipation Model}
 
 
 \subsection{Radio Energy Dissipation Model}

+\label{ch1:sec9:subsec1}

 Since the communication unit is the most energy-consuming part inside the sensor node, and accordingly there are many authors used the radio energy dissipation model that proposed in~\cite{ref109,ref110} as energy consumption model during the simulation and evaluation of their works in WSNs. Figure~\ref{RDM} shows the radio energy dissipation model.
 \begin{figure}[h!]
 \centering
 Since the communication unit is the most energy-consuming part inside the sensor node, and accordingly there are many authors used the radio energy dissipation model that proposed in~\cite{ref109,ref110} as energy consumption model during the simulation and evaluation of their works in WSNs. Figure~\ref{RDM} shows the radio energy dissipation model.
 \begin{figure}[h!]
 \centering


@@ -441,6 +442,7 @@ The radio energy dissipation model have been considered only the energy consumed
 
 
 \subsection{Our Energy Consumption Model}
 
 
 \subsection{Our Energy Consumption Model}

+\label{ch1:sec9:subsec2}

 In this dissertation, the coverage protocols have been used an energy consumption model proposed by~\cite{ref111} and based on \cite{ref112} with slight  modifications.  The energy consumption for  sending/receiving the packets is added, whereas the  part related to the sensing range is removed because we consider a fixed sensing range.
 For our energy consumption model, we refer to the sensor node Medusa~II which uses an Atmels  AVR ATmega103L microcontroller~\cite{ref112}. The typical architecture  of a  sensor  is composed  of  four  subsystems: the  MCU subsystem which is capable of computation, communication subsystem (radio) which is responsible  for transmitting/receiving messages, the  sensing subsystem that collects  data, and  the  power supply  which  powers the  complete sensor  node
 \cite{ref112}. Each  of the first three subsystems  can be turned on or  off depending on  the current status  of the sensor.   Energy consumption
 In this dissertation, the coverage protocols have been used an energy consumption model proposed by~\cite{ref111} and based on \cite{ref112} with slight  modifications.  The energy consumption for  sending/receiving the packets is added, whereas the  part related to the sensing range is removed because we consider a fixed sensing range.
 For our energy consumption model, we refer to the sensor node Medusa~II which uses an Atmels  AVR ATmega103L microcontroller~\cite{ref112}. The typical architecture  of a  sensor  is composed  of  four  subsystems: the  MCU subsystem which is capable of computation, communication subsystem (radio) which is responsible  for transmitting/receiving messages, the  sensing subsystem that collects  data, and  the  power supply  which  powers the  complete sensor  node
 \cite{ref112}. Each  of the first three subsystems  can be turned on or  off depending on  the current status  of the sensor.   Energy consumption


@@ -476,7 +478,7 @@ COMPUTATION & on & on & on & 26.83 \\
 \end{table}
 
 For the sake of simplicity we ignore  the energy needed to turn on the radio, to start up the sensor node, to move from one status to another, etc.
 \end{table}
 
 For the sake of simplicity we ignore  the energy needed to turn on the radio, to start up the sensor node, to move from one status to another, etc.

-Thus, when a sensor becomes active (i.e., it has already chosen its status), it can turn  its radio  off to  save battery. The value of energy spent to send a 1-bit-content message is  obtained by using  the equation in  ~\cite{ref112} to calculate  the energy cost  for transmitting  messages and  we propose  the same
+Thus, when a sensor becomes active (i.e., it has already chosen its status), it can turn  its radio  off to  save battery. The value of energy spent to send a 1-bit-content message is  obtained by using  the equation in  ~\cite{ref112} to calculate  the energy cost for transmitting  messages and  we propose  the same

 value for receiving the packets. The energy  needed to send or receive a 1-bit packet is equal to $0.2575~mW$.
 
 
 value for receiving the packets. The energy  needed to send or receive a 1-bit packet is equal to $0.2575~mW$.