-%%
-%% IEEEtran.bst
-%% BibTeX Bibliography Style file for IEEE Journals and Conferences (unsorted)
-%% Version 1.13 (2008/09/30)
-%%
-%% Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Michael Shell
-%%
-%% Original starting code base and algorithms obtained from the output of
-%% Patrick W. Daly's makebst package as well as from prior versions of
-%% IEEE BibTeX styles:
-%%
-%% 1. Howard Trickey and Oren Patashnik's ieeetr.bst (1985/1988)
-%% 2. Silvano Balemi and Richard H. Roy's IEEEbib.bst (1993)
-%%
-%% Support sites:
-%% http://www.michaelshell.org/tex/ieeetran/
-%% http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/IEEEtran/
-%% and/or
-%% http://www.ieee.org/
-%%
-%% For use with BibTeX version 0.99a or later
-%%
-%% This is a numerical citation style.
-%%
-%%*************************************************************************
-%% Legal Notice:
-%% This code is offered as-is without any warranty either expressed or
-%% implied; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-%% FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE!
-%% User assumes all risk.
-%% In no event shall IEEE or any contributor to this code be liable for
-%% any damages or losses, including, but not limited to, incidental,
-%% consequential, or any other damages, resulting from the use or misuse
-%% of any information contained here.
-%%
-%% All comments are the opinions of their respective authors and are not
-%% necessarily endorsed by the IEEE.
-%%
-%% This work is distributed under the LaTeX Project Public License (LPPL)
-%% ( http://www.latex-project.org/ ) version 1.3, and may be freely used,
-%% distributed and modified. A copy of the LPPL, version 1.3, is included
-%% in the base LaTeX documentation of all distributions of LaTeX released
-%% 2003/12/01 or later.
-%% Retain all contribution notices and credits.
-%% ** Modified files should be clearly indicated as such, including **
-%% ** renaming them and changing author support contact information. **
-%%
-%% File list of work: IEEEabrv.bib, IEEEfull.bib, IEEEexample.bib,
-%% IEEEtran.bst, IEEEtranS.bst, IEEEtranSA.bst,
-%% IEEEtranN.bst, IEEEtranSN.bst, IEEEtran_bst_HOWTO.pdf
-%%*************************************************************************
-%
-%
-% Changelog:
-%
-% 1.00 (2002/08/13) Initial release
-%
-% 1.10 (2002/09/27)
-% 1. Corrected minor bug for improperly formed warning message when a
-% book was not given a title. Thanks to Ming Kin Lai for reporting this.
-% 2. Added support for CTLname_format_string and CTLname_latex_cmd fields
-% in the BST control entry type.
-%
-% 1.11 (2003/04/02)
-% 1. Fixed bug with URLs containing underscores when using url.sty. Thanks
-% to Ming Kin Lai for reporting this.
-%
-% 1.12 (2007/01/11)
-% 1. Fixed bug with unwanted comma before "et al." when an entry contained
-% more than two author names. Thanks to Pallav Gupta for reporting this.
-% 2. Fixed bug with anomalous closing quote in tech reports that have a
-% type, but without a number or address. Thanks to Mehrdad Mirreza for
-% reporting this.
-% 3. Use braces in \providecommand in begin.bib to better support
-% latex2html. TeX style length assignments OK with recent versions
-% of latex2html - 1.71 (2002/2/1) or later is strongly recommended.
-% Use of the language field still causes trouble with latex2html.
-% Thanks to Federico Beffa for reporting this.
-% 4. Added IEEEtran.bst ID and version comment string to .bbl output.
-% 5. Provide a \BIBdecl hook that allows the user to execute commands
-% just prior to the first entry.
-% 6. Use default urlstyle (is using url.sty) of "same" rather than rm to
-% better work with a wider variety of bibliography styles.
-% 7. Changed month abbreviations from Sept., July and June to Sep., Jul.,
-% and Jun., respectively, as IEEE now does. Thanks to Moritz Borgmann
-% for reporting this.
-% 8. Control entry types should not be considered when calculating longest
-% label width.
-% 9. Added alias www for electronic/online.
-% 10. Added CTLname_url_prefix control entry type.
-%
-% 1.13 (2008/09/30)
-% 1. Fixed bug with edition number to ordinal conversion. Thanks to
-% Michael Roland for reporting this and correcting the algorithm.
-
-
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-%% DEFAULTS FOR THE CONTROLS OF THE BST STYLE %%
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-
-% These are the defaults for the user adjustable controls. The values used
-% here can be overridden by the user via IEEEtranBSTCTL entry type.
-
-% NOTE: The recommended LaTeX command to invoke a control entry type is:
-%
-%\makeatletter
-%\def\bstctlcite{\@ifnextchar[{\@bstctlcite}{\@bstctlcite[@auxout]}}
-%\def\@bstctlcite[#1]#2{\@bsphack
-% \@for\@citeb:=#2\do{%
-% \edef\@citeb{\expandafter\@firstofone\@citeb}%
-% \if@filesw\immediate\write\csname #1\endcsname{\string\citation{\@citeb}}\fi}%
-% \@esphack}
-%\makeatother
-%
-% It is called at the start of the document, before the first \cite, like:
-% \bstctlcite{IEEEexample:BSTcontrol}
-%
-% IEEEtran.cls V1.6 and later does provide this command.
-
-
-
-% #0 turns off the display of the number for articles.
-% #1 enables
-FUNCTION {default.is.use.number.for.article} { #1 }
-
-
-% #0 turns off the display of the paper and type fields in @inproceedings.
-% #1 enables
-FUNCTION {default.is.use.paper} { #1 }
-
-
-% #0 turns off the forced use of "et al."
-% #1 enables
-FUNCTION {default.is.forced.et.al} { #0 }
-
-% The maximum number of names that can be present beyond which an "et al."
-% usage is forced. Be sure that num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al (below)
-% is not greater than this value!
-% Note: There are many instances of references in IEEE journals which have
-% a very large number of authors as well as instances in which "et al." is
-% used profusely.
-FUNCTION {default.max.num.names.before.forced.et.al} { #10 }
-
-% The number of names that will be shown with a forced "et al.".
-% Must be less than or equal to max.num.names.before.forced.et.al
-FUNCTION {default.num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al} { #1 }
-
-
-% #0 turns off the alternate interword spacing for entries with URLs.
-% #1 enables
-FUNCTION {default.is.use.alt.interword.spacing} { #1 }
-
-% If alternate interword spacing for entries with URLs is enabled, this is
-% the interword spacing stretch factor that will be used. For example, the
-% default "4" here means that the interword spacing in entries with URLs can
-% stretch to four times normal. Does not have to be an integer. Note that
-% the value specified here can be overridden by the user in their LaTeX
-% code via a command such as:
-% "\providecommand\BIBentryALTinterwordstretchfactor{1.5}" in addition to
-% that via the IEEEtranBSTCTL entry type.
-FUNCTION {default.ALTinterwordstretchfactor} { "4" }
-
-
-% #0 turns off the "dashification" of repeated (i.e., identical to those
-% of the previous entry) names. IEEE normally does this.
-% #1 enables
-FUNCTION {default.is.dash.repeated.names} { #1 }
-
-
-% The default name format control string.
-FUNCTION {default.name.format.string}{ "{f.~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}" }
-
-
-% The default LaTeX font command for the names.
-FUNCTION {default.name.latex.cmd}{ "" }
-
-
-% The default URL prefix.
-FUNCTION {default.name.url.prefix}{ "[Online]. Available:" }
-
-
-% Other controls that cannot be accessed via IEEEtranBSTCTL entry type.
-
-% #0 turns off the terminal startup banner/completed message so as to
-% operate more quietly.
-% #1 enables
-FUNCTION {is.print.banners.to.terminal} { #1 }
-
-
-
-
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-%% FILE VERSION AND BANNER %%
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-
-FUNCTION{bst.file.version} { "1.13" }
-FUNCTION{bst.file.date} { "2008/09/30" }
-FUNCTION{bst.file.website} { "http://www.michaelshell.org/tex/ieeetran/bibtex/" }
-
-FUNCTION {banner.message}
-{ is.print.banners.to.terminal
- { "-- IEEEtran.bst version" " " * bst.file.version *
- " (" * bst.file.date * ") " * "by Michael Shell." *
- top$
- "-- " bst.file.website *
- top$
- "-- See the " quote$ * "IEEEtran_bst_HOWTO.pdf" * quote$ * " manual for usage information." *
- top$
- }
- { skip$ }
- if$
-}
-
-FUNCTION {completed.message}
-{ is.print.banners.to.terminal
- { ""
- top$
- "Done."
- top$
- }
- { skip$ }
- if$
-}
-
-
-
-
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-%% STRING CONSTANTS %%
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-
-FUNCTION {bbl.and}{ "and" }
-FUNCTION {bbl.etal}{ "et~al." }
-FUNCTION {bbl.editors}{ "eds." }
-FUNCTION {bbl.editor}{ "ed." }
-FUNCTION {bbl.edition}{ "ed." }
-FUNCTION {bbl.volume}{ "vol." }
-FUNCTION {bbl.of}{ "of" }
-FUNCTION {bbl.number}{ "no." }
-FUNCTION {bbl.in}{ "in" }
-FUNCTION {bbl.pages}{ "pp." }
-FUNCTION {bbl.page}{ "p." }
-FUNCTION {bbl.chapter}{ "ch." }
-FUNCTION {bbl.paper}{ "paper" }
-FUNCTION {bbl.part}{ "pt." }
-FUNCTION {bbl.patent}{ "Patent" }
-FUNCTION {bbl.patentUS}{ "U.S." }
-FUNCTION {bbl.revision}{ "Rev." }
-FUNCTION {bbl.series}{ "ser." }
-FUNCTION {bbl.standard}{ "Std." }
-FUNCTION {bbl.techrep}{ "Tech. Rep." }
-FUNCTION {bbl.mthesis}{ "Master's thesis" }
-FUNCTION {bbl.phdthesis}{ "Ph.D. dissertation" }
-FUNCTION {bbl.st}{ "st" }
-FUNCTION {bbl.nd}{ "nd" }
-FUNCTION {bbl.rd}{ "rd" }
-FUNCTION {bbl.th}{ "th" }
-
-
-% This is the LaTeX spacer that is used when a larger than normal space
-% is called for (such as just before the address:publisher).
-FUNCTION {large.space} { "\hskip 1em plus 0.5em minus 0.4em\relax " }
-
-% The LaTeX code for dashes that are used to represent repeated names.
-% Note: Some older IEEE journals used something like
-% "\rule{0.275in}{0.5pt}\," which is fairly thick and runs right along
-% the baseline. However, IEEE now uses a thinner, above baseline,
-% six dash long sequence.
-FUNCTION {repeated.name.dashes} { "------" }
-
-
-
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-%% PREDEFINED STRING MACROS %%
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-
-MACRO {jan} {"Jan."}
-MACRO {feb} {"Feb."}
-MACRO {mar} {"Mar."}
-MACRO {apr} {"Apr."}
-MACRO {may} {"May"}
-MACRO {jun} {"Jun."}
-MACRO {jul} {"Jul."}
-MACRO {aug} {"Aug."}
-MACRO {sep} {"Sep."}
-MACRO {oct} {"Oct."}
-MACRO {nov} {"Nov."}
-MACRO {dec} {"Dec."}
-
-
-
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-%% ENTRY FIELDS %%
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-
-ENTRY
- { address
- assignee
- author
- booktitle
- chapter
- day
- dayfiled
- edition
- editor
- howpublished
- institution
- intype
- journal
- key
- language
- month
- monthfiled
- nationality
- note
- number
- organization
- pages
- paper
- publisher
- school
- series
- revision
- title
- type
- url
- volume
- year
- yearfiled
- CTLuse_article_number
- CTLuse_paper
- CTLuse_forced_etal
- CTLmax_names_forced_etal
- CTLnames_show_etal
- CTLuse_alt_spacing
- CTLalt_stretch_factor
- CTLdash_repeated_names
- CTLname_format_string
- CTLname_latex_cmd
- CTLname_url_prefix
- }
- {}
- { label }
-
-
-
-
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-%% INTEGER VARIABLES %%
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-
-INTEGERS { prev.status.punct this.status.punct punct.std
- punct.no punct.comma punct.period
- prev.status.space this.status.space space.std
- space.no space.normal space.large
- prev.status.quote this.status.quote quote.std
- quote.no quote.close
- prev.status.nline this.status.nline nline.std
- nline.no nline.newblock
- status.cap cap.std
- cap.no cap.yes}
-
-INTEGERS { longest.label.width multiresult nameptr namesleft number.label numnames }
-
-INTEGERS { is.use.number.for.article
- is.use.paper
- is.forced.et.al
- max.num.names.before.forced.et.al
- num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al
- is.use.alt.interword.spacing
- is.dash.repeated.names}
-
-
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-%% STRING VARIABLES %%
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-
-STRINGS { bibinfo
- longest.label
- oldname
- s
- t
- ALTinterwordstretchfactor
- name.format.string
- name.latex.cmd
- name.url.prefix}
-
-
-
-
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-%% LOW LEVEL FUNCTIONS %%
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-
-FUNCTION {initialize.controls}
-{ default.is.use.number.for.article 'is.use.number.for.article :=
- default.is.use.paper 'is.use.paper :=
- default.is.forced.et.al 'is.forced.et.al :=
- default.max.num.names.before.forced.et.al 'max.num.names.before.forced.et.al :=
- default.num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al 'num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al :=
- default.is.use.alt.interword.spacing 'is.use.alt.interword.spacing :=
- default.is.dash.repeated.names 'is.dash.repeated.names :=
- default.ALTinterwordstretchfactor 'ALTinterwordstretchfactor :=
- default.name.format.string 'name.format.string :=
- default.name.latex.cmd 'name.latex.cmd :=
- default.name.url.prefix 'name.url.prefix :=
-}
-
-
-% This IEEEtran.bst features a very powerful and flexible mechanism for
-% controlling the capitalization, punctuation, spacing, quotation, and
-% newlines of the formatted entry fields. (Note: IEEEtran.bst does not need
-% or use the newline/newblock feature, but it has been implemented for
-% possible future use.) The output states of IEEEtran.bst consist of
-% multiple independent attributes and, as such, can be thought of as being
-% vectors, rather than the simple scalar values ("before.all",
-% "mid.sentence", etc.) used in most other .bst files.
-%
-% The more flexible and complex design used here was motivated in part by
-% IEEE's rather unusual bibliography style. For example, IEEE ends the
-% previous field item with a period and large space prior to the publisher
-% address; the @electronic entry types use periods as inter-item punctuation
-% rather than the commas used by the other entry types; and URLs are never
-% followed by periods even though they are the last item in the entry.
-% Although it is possible to accommodate these features with the conventional
-% output state system, the seemingly endless exceptions make for convoluted,
-% unreliable and difficult to maintain code.
-%
-% IEEEtran.bst's output state system can be easily understood via a simple
-% illustration of two most recently formatted entry fields (on the stack):
-%
-% CURRENT_ITEM
-% "PREVIOUS_ITEM
-%
-% which, in this example, is to eventually appear in the bibliography as:
-%
-% "PREVIOUS_ITEM," CURRENT_ITEM
-%
-% It is the job of the output routine to take the previous item off of the
-% stack (while leaving the current item at the top of the stack), apply its
-% trailing punctuation (including closing quote marks) and spacing, and then
-% to write the result to BibTeX's output buffer:
-%
-% "PREVIOUS_ITEM,"
-%
-% Punctuation (and spacing) between items is often determined by both of the
-% items rather than just the first one. The presence of quotation marks
-% further complicates the situation because, in standard English, trailing
-% punctuation marks are supposed to be contained within the quotes.
-%
-% IEEEtran.bst maintains two output state (aka "status") vectors which
-% correspond to the previous and current (aka "this") items. Each vector
-% consists of several independent attributes which track punctuation,
-% spacing, quotation, and newlines. Capitalization status is handled by a
-% separate scalar because the format routines, not the output routine,
-% handle capitalization and, therefore, there is no need to maintain the
-% capitalization attribute for both the "previous" and "this" items.
-%
-% When a format routine adds a new item, it copies the current output status
-% vector to the previous output status vector and (usually) resets the
-% current (this) output status vector to a "standard status" vector. Using a
-% "standard status" vector in this way allows us to redefine what we mean by
-% "standard status" at the start of each entry handler and reuse the same
-% format routines under the various inter-item separation schemes. For
-% example, the standard status vector for the @book entry type may use
-% commas for item separators, while the @electronic type may use periods,
-% yet both entry handlers exploit many of the exact same format routines.
-%
-% Because format routines have write access to the output status vector of
-% the previous item, they can override the punctuation choices of the
-% previous format routine! Therefore, it becomes trivial to implement rules
-% such as "Always use a period and a large space before the publisher." By
-% pushing the generation of the closing quote mark to the output routine, we
-% avoid all the problems caused by having to close a quote before having all
-% the information required to determine what the punctuation should be.
-%
-% The IEEEtran.bst output state system can easily be expanded if needed.
-% For instance, it is easy to add a "space.tie" attribute value if the
-% bibliography rules mandate that two items have to be joined with an
-% unbreakable space.
-
-FUNCTION {initialize.status.constants}
-{ #0 'punct.no :=
- #1 'punct.comma :=
- #2 'punct.period :=
- #0 'space.no :=
- #1 'space.normal :=
- #2 'space.large :=
- #0 'quote.no :=
- #1 'quote.close :=
- #0 'cap.no :=
- #1 'cap.yes :=
- #0 'nline.no :=
- #1 'nline.newblock :=
-}
-
-FUNCTION {std.status.using.comma}
-{ punct.comma 'punct.std :=
- space.normal 'space.std :=
- quote.no 'quote.std :=
- nline.no 'nline.std :=
- cap.no 'cap.std :=
-}
-
-FUNCTION {std.status.using.period}
-{ punct.period 'punct.std :=
- space.normal 'space.std :=
- quote.no 'quote.std :=
- nline.no 'nline.std :=
- cap.yes 'cap.std :=
-}
-
-FUNCTION {initialize.prev.this.status}
-{ punct.no 'prev.status.punct :=
- space.no 'prev.status.space :=
- quote.no 'prev.status.quote :=
- nline.no 'prev.status.nline :=
- punct.no 'this.status.punct :=
- space.no 'this.status.space :=
- quote.no 'this.status.quote :=
- nline.no 'this.status.nline :=
- cap.yes 'status.cap :=
-}
-
-FUNCTION {this.status.std}
-{ punct.std 'this.status.punct :=
- space.std 'this.status.space :=
- quote.std 'this.status.quote :=
- nline.std 'this.status.nline :=
-}
-
-FUNCTION {cap.status.std}{ cap.std 'status.cap := }
-
-FUNCTION {this.to.prev.status}
-{ this.status.punct 'prev.status.punct :=
- this.status.space 'prev.status.space :=
- this.status.quote 'prev.status.quote :=
- this.status.nline 'prev.status.nline :=
-}
-
-
-FUNCTION {not}
-{ { #0 }
- { #1 }
- if$
-}
-
-FUNCTION {and}
-{ { skip$ }
- { pop$ #0 }
- if$
-}
-
-FUNCTION {or}
-{ { pop$ #1 }
- { skip$ }
- if$
-}
-
-
-% convert the strings "yes" or "no" to #1 or #0 respectively
-FUNCTION {yes.no.to.int}
-{ "l" change.case$ duplicate$
- "yes" =
- { pop$ #1 }
- { duplicate$ "no" =
- { pop$ #0 }
- { "unknown boolean " quote$ * swap$ * quote$ *
- " in " * cite$ * warning$
- #0
- }
- if$
- }
- if$
-}
-
-
-% pushes true if the single char string on the stack is in the
-% range of "0" to "9"
-FUNCTION {is.num}
-{ chr.to.int$
- duplicate$ "0" chr.to.int$ < not
- swap$ "9" chr.to.int$ > not and
-}
-
-% multiplies the integer on the stack by a factor of 10
-FUNCTION {bump.int.mag}
-{ #0 'multiresult :=
- { duplicate$ #0 > }
- { #1 -
- multiresult #10 +
- 'multiresult :=
- }
- while$
-pop$
-multiresult
-}
-
-% converts a single character string on the stack to an integer
-FUNCTION {char.to.integer}
-{ duplicate$
- is.num
- { chr.to.int$ "0" chr.to.int$ - }
- {"noninteger character " quote$ * swap$ * quote$ *
- " in integer field of " * cite$ * warning$
- #0
- }
- if$
-}
-
-% converts a string on the stack to an integer
-FUNCTION {string.to.integer}
-{ duplicate$ text.length$ 'namesleft :=
- #1 'nameptr :=
- #0 'numnames :=
- { nameptr namesleft > not }
- { duplicate$ nameptr #1 substring$
- char.to.integer numnames bump.int.mag +
- 'numnames :=
- nameptr #1 +
- 'nameptr :=
- }
- while$
-pop$
-numnames
-}
-
-
-
-
-% The output routines write out the *next* to the top (previous) item on the
-% stack, adding punctuation and such as needed. Since IEEEtran.bst maintains
-% the output status for the top two items on the stack, these output
-% routines have to consider the previous output status (which corresponds to
-% the item that is being output). Full independent control of punctuation,
-% closing quote marks, spacing, and newblock is provided.
-%
-% "output.nonnull" does not check for the presence of a previous empty
-% item.
-%
-% "output" does check for the presence of a previous empty item and will
-% remove an empty item rather than outputing it.
-%
-% "output.warn" is like "output", but will issue a warning if it detects
-% an empty item.
-
-FUNCTION {output.nonnull}
-{ swap$
- prev.status.punct punct.comma =
- { "," * }
- { skip$ }
- if$
- prev.status.punct punct.period =
- { add.period$ }
- { skip$ }
- if$
- prev.status.quote quote.close =
- { "''" * }
- { skip$ }
- if$
- prev.status.space space.normal =
- { " " * }
- { skip$ }
- if$
- prev.status.space space.large =
- { large.space * }
- { skip$ }
- if$
- write$
- prev.status.nline nline.newblock =
- { newline$ "\newblock " write$ }
- { skip$ }
- if$
-}
-
-FUNCTION {output}
-{ duplicate$ empty$
- 'pop$
- 'output.nonnull
- if$
-}
-
-FUNCTION {output.warn}
-{ 't :=
- duplicate$ empty$
- { pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }
- 'output.nonnull
- if$
-}
-
-% "fin.entry" is the output routine that handles the last item of the entry
-% (which will be on the top of the stack when "fin.entry" is called).
-
-FUNCTION {fin.entry}
-{ this.status.punct punct.no =
- { skip$ }
- { add.period$ }
- if$
- this.status.quote quote.close =
- { "''" * }
- { skip$ }
- if$
-write$
-newline$
-}
-
-
-FUNCTION {is.last.char.not.punct}
-{ duplicate$
- "}" * add.period$
- #-1 #1 substring$ "." =
-}
-
-FUNCTION {is.multiple.pages}
-{ 't :=
- #0 'multiresult :=
- { multiresult not
- t empty$ not
- and
- }
- { t #1 #1 substring$
- duplicate$ "-" =
- swap$ duplicate$ "," =
- swap$ "+" =
- or or
- { #1 'multiresult := }
- { t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := }
- if$
- }
- while$
- multiresult
-}
-
-FUNCTION {capitalize}{ "u" change.case$ "t" change.case$ }
-
-FUNCTION {emphasize}
-{ duplicate$ empty$
- { pop$ "" }
- { "\emph{" swap$ * "}" * }
- if$
-}
-
-FUNCTION {do.name.latex.cmd}
-{ name.latex.cmd
- empty$
- { skip$ }
- { name.latex.cmd "{" * swap$ * "}" * }
- if$
-}
-
-% IEEEtran.bst uses its own \BIBforeignlanguage command which directly
-% invokes the TeX hyphenation patterns without the need of the Babel
-% package. Babel does a lot more than switch hyphenation patterns and
-% its loading can cause unintended effects in many class files (such as
-% IEEEtran.cls).
-FUNCTION {select.language}
-{ duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$
- { language empty$ 'skip$
- { "\BIBforeignlanguage{" language * "}{" * swap$ * "}" * }
- if$
- }
- if$
-}
-
-FUNCTION {tie.or.space.prefix}
-{ duplicate$ text.length$ #3 <
- { "~" }
- { " " }
- if$
- swap$
-}
-
-FUNCTION {get.bbl.editor}
-{ editor num.names$ #1 > 'bbl.editors 'bbl.editor if$ }
-
-FUNCTION {space.word}{ " " swap$ * " " * }
-
-
-% Field Conditioners, Converters, Checkers and External Interfaces
-
-FUNCTION {empty.field.to.null.string}
-{ duplicate$ empty$
- { pop$ "" }
- { skip$ }
- if$
-}
-
-FUNCTION {either.or.check}
-{ empty$
- { pop$ }
- { "can't use both " swap$ * " fields in " * cite$ * warning$ }
- if$
-}
-
-FUNCTION {empty.entry.warn}
-{ author empty$ title empty$ howpublished empty$
- month empty$ year empty$ note empty$ url empty$
- and and and and and and
- { "all relevant fields are empty in " cite$ * warning$ }
- 'skip$
- if$
-}
-
-
-% The bibinfo system provides a way for the electronic parsing/acquisition
-% of a bibliography's contents as is done by ReVTeX. For example, a field
-% could be entered into the bibliography as:
-% \bibinfo{volume}{2}
-% Only the "2" would show up in the document, but the LaTeX \bibinfo command
-% could do additional things with the information. IEEEtran.bst does provide
-% a \bibinfo command via "\providecommand{\bibinfo}[2]{#2}". However, it is
-% currently not used as the bogus bibinfo functions defined here output the
-% entry values directly without the \bibinfo wrapper. The bibinfo functions
-% themselves (and the calls to them) are retained for possible future use.
-%
-% bibinfo.check avoids acting on missing fields while bibinfo.warn will
-% issue a warning message if a missing field is detected. Prior to calling
-% the bibinfo functions, the user should push the field value and then its
-% name string, in that order.
-
-FUNCTION {bibinfo.check}
-{ swap$ duplicate$ missing$
- { pop$ pop$ "" }
- { duplicate$ empty$
- { swap$ pop$ }
- { swap$ pop$ }
- if$
- }
- if$
-}
-
-FUNCTION {bibinfo.warn}
-{ swap$ duplicate$ missing$
- { swap$ "missing " swap$ * " in " * cite$ * warning$ pop$ "" }
- { duplicate$ empty$
- { swap$ "empty " swap$ * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }
- { swap$ pop$ }
- if$
- }
- if$
-}
-
-
-% IEEE separates large numbers with more than 4 digits into groups of
-% three. IEEE uses a small space to separate these number groups.
-% Typical applications include patent and page numbers.
-
-% number of consecutive digits required to trigger the group separation.
-FUNCTION {large.number.trigger}{ #5 }
-
-% For numbers longer than the trigger, this is the blocksize of the groups.
-% The blocksize must be less than the trigger threshold, and 2 * blocksize
-% must be greater than the trigger threshold (can't do more than one
-% separation on the initial trigger).
-FUNCTION {large.number.blocksize}{ #3 }
-
-% What is actually inserted between the number groups.
-FUNCTION {large.number.separator}{ "\," }
-
-% So as to save on integer variables by reusing existing ones, numnames
-% holds the current number of consecutive digits read and nameptr holds
-% the number that will trigger an inserted space.
-FUNCTION {large.number.separate}
-{ 't :=
- ""
- #0 'numnames :=
- large.number.trigger 'nameptr :=
- { t empty$ not }
- { t #-1 #1 substring$ is.num
- { numnames #1 + 'numnames := }
- { #0 'numnames :=
- large.number.trigger 'nameptr :=
- }
- if$
- t #-1 #1 substring$ swap$ *
- t #-2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
- numnames nameptr =
- { duplicate$ #1 nameptr large.number.blocksize - substring$ swap$
- nameptr large.number.blocksize - #1 + global.max$ substring$
- large.number.separator swap$ * *
- nameptr large.number.blocksize - 'numnames :=
- large.number.blocksize #1 + 'nameptr :=
- }
- { skip$ }
- if$
- }
- while$
-}
-
-% Converts all single dashes "-" to double dashes "--".
-FUNCTION {n.dashify}
-{ large.number.separate
- 't :=
- ""
- { t empty$ not }
- { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" =
- { t #1 #2 substring$ "--" = not
- { "--" *
- t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
- }
- { { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" = }
- { "-" *
- t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
- }
- while$
- }
- if$
- }
- { t #1 #1 substring$ *
- t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
- }
- if$
- }
- while$
-}
-
-
-% This function detects entries with names that are identical to that of
-% the previous entry and replaces the repeated names with dashes (if the
-% "is.dash.repeated.names" user control is nonzero).
-FUNCTION {name.or.dash}
-{ 's :=
- oldname empty$
- { s 'oldname := s }
- { s oldname =
- { is.dash.repeated.names
- { repeated.name.dashes }
- { s 'oldname := s }
- if$
- }
- { s 'oldname := s }
- if$
- }
- if$
-}
-
-% Converts the number string on the top of the stack to
-% "numerical ordinal form" (e.g., "7" to "7th"). There is
-% no artificial limit to the upper bound of the numbers as the
-% two least significant digits determine the ordinal form.
-FUNCTION {num.to.ordinal}
-{ duplicate$ #-2 #1 substring$ "1" =
- { bbl.th * }
- { duplicate$ #-1 #1 substring$ "1" =
- { bbl.st * }
- { duplicate$ #-1 #1 substring$ "2" =
- { bbl.nd * }
- { duplicate$ #-1 #1 substring$ "3" =
- { bbl.rd * }
- { bbl.th * }
- if$
- }
- if$
- }
- if$
- }
- if$
-}
-
-% If the string on the top of the stack begins with a number,
-% (e.g., 11th) then replace the string with the leading number
-% it contains. Otherwise retain the string as-is. s holds the
-% extracted number, t holds the part of the string that remains
-% to be scanned.
-FUNCTION {extract.num}
-{ duplicate$ 't :=
- "" 's :=
- { t empty$ not }
- { t #1 #1 substring$
- t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
- duplicate$ is.num
- { s swap$ * 's := }
- { pop$ "" 't := }
- if$
- }
- while$
- s empty$
- 'skip$
- { pop$ s }
- if$
-}
-
-% Converts the word number string on the top of the stack to
-% Arabic string form. Will be successful up to "tenth".
-FUNCTION {word.to.num}
-{ duplicate$ "l" change.case$ 's :=
- s "first" =
- { pop$ "1" }
- { skip$ }
- if$
- s "second" =
- { pop$ "2" }
- { skip$ }
- if$
- s "third" =
- { pop$ "3" }
- { skip$ }
- if$
- s "fourth" =
- { pop$ "4" }
- { skip$ }
- if$
- s "fifth" =
- { pop$ "5" }
- { skip$ }
- if$
- s "sixth" =
- { pop$ "6" }
- { skip$ }
- if$
- s "seventh" =
- { pop$ "7" }
- { skip$ }
- if$
- s "eighth" =
- { pop$ "8" }
- { skip$ }
- if$
- s "ninth" =
- { pop$ "9" }
- { skip$ }
- if$
- s "tenth" =
- { pop$ "10" }
- { skip$ }
- if$
-}
-
-
-% Converts the string on the top of the stack to numerical
-% ordinal (e.g., "11th") form.
-FUNCTION {convert.edition}
-{ duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
- { duplicate$ #1 #1 substring$ is.num
- { extract.num
- num.to.ordinal
- }
- { word.to.num
- duplicate$ #1 #1 substring$ is.num
- { num.to.ordinal }
- { "edition ordinal word " quote$ * edition * quote$ *
- " may be too high (or improper) for conversion" * " in " * cite$ * warning$
- }
- if$
- }
- if$
- }
- if$
-}
-
-
-
-
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-%% LATEX BIBLIOGRAPHY CODE %%
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-
-FUNCTION {start.entry}
-{ newline$
- "\bibitem{" write$
- cite$ write$
- "}" write$
- newline$
- ""
- initialize.prev.this.status
-}
-
-% Here we write out all the LaTeX code that we will need. The most involved
-% code sequences are those that control the alternate interword spacing and
-% foreign language hyphenation patterns. The heavy use of \providecommand
-% gives users a way to override the defaults. Special thanks to Javier Bezos,
-% Johannes Braams, Robin Fairbairns, Heiko Oberdiek, Donald Arseneau and all
-% the other gurus on comp.text.tex for their help and advice on the topic of
-% \selectlanguage, Babel and BibTeX.
-FUNCTION {begin.bib}
-{ "% Generated by IEEEtran.bst, version: " bst.file.version * " (" * bst.file.date * ")" *
- write$ newline$
- preamble$ empty$ 'skip$
- { preamble$ write$ newline$ }
- if$
- "\begin{thebibliography}{" longest.label * "}" *
- write$ newline$
- "\providecommand{\url}[1]{#1}"
- write$ newline$
- "\csname url@samestyle\endcsname"
- write$ newline$
- "\providecommand{\newblock}{\relax}"
- write$ newline$
- "\providecommand{\bibinfo}[2]{#2}"
- write$ newline$
- "\providecommand{\BIBentrySTDinterwordspacing}{\spaceskip=0pt\relax}"
- write$ newline$
- "\providecommand{\BIBentryALTinterwordstretchfactor}{"
- ALTinterwordstretchfactor * "}" *
- write$ newline$
- "\providecommand{\BIBentryALTinterwordspacing}{\spaceskip=\fontdimen2\font plus "
- write$ newline$
- "\BIBentryALTinterwordstretchfactor\fontdimen3\font minus \fontdimen4\font\relax}"
- write$ newline$
- "\providecommand{\BIBforeignlanguage}[2]{{%"
- write$ newline$
- "\expandafter\ifx\csname l@#1\endcsname\relax"
- write$ newline$
- "\typeout{** WARNING: IEEEtran.bst: No hyphenation pattern has been}%"
- write$ newline$
- "\typeout{** loaded for the language `#1'. Using the pattern for}%"
- write$ newline$
- "\typeout{** the default language instead.}%"
- write$ newline$
- "\else"
- write$ newline$
- "\language=\csname l@#1\endcsname"
- write$ newline$
- "\fi"
- write$ newline$
- "#2}}"
- write$ newline$
- "\providecommand{\BIBdecl}{\relax}"
- write$ newline$
- "\BIBdecl"
- write$ newline$
-}
-
-FUNCTION {end.bib}
-{ newline$ "\end{thebibliography}" write$ newline$ }
-
-FUNCTION {if.url.alt.interword.spacing}
-{ is.use.alt.interword.spacing
- {url empty$ 'skip$ {"\BIBentryALTinterwordspacing" write$ newline$} if$}
- { skip$ }
- if$
-}
-
-FUNCTION {if.url.std.interword.spacing}
-{ is.use.alt.interword.spacing
- {url empty$ 'skip$ {"\BIBentrySTDinterwordspacing" write$ newline$} if$}
- { skip$ }
- if$
-}
-
-
-
-
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-%% LONGEST LABEL PASS %%
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-
-FUNCTION {initialize.longest.label}
-{ "" 'longest.label :=
- #1 'number.label :=
- #0 'longest.label.width :=
-}
-
-FUNCTION {longest.label.pass}
-{ type$ "ieeetranbstctl" =
- { skip$ }
- { number.label int.to.str$ 'label :=
- number.label #1 + 'number.label :=
- label width$ longest.label.width >
- { label 'longest.label :=
- label width$ 'longest.label.width :=
- }
- { skip$ }
- if$
- }
- if$
-}
-
-
-
-
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-%% FORMAT HANDLERS %%
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-
-%% Lower Level Formats (used by higher level formats)
-
-FUNCTION {format.address.org.or.pub.date}
-{ 't :=
- ""
- year empty$
- { "empty year in " cite$ * warning$ }
- { skip$ }
- if$
- address empty$ t empty$ and
- year empty$ and month empty$ and
- { skip$ }
- { this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- cap.status.std
- address "address" bibinfo.check *
- t empty$
- { skip$ }
- { punct.period 'prev.status.punct :=
- space.large 'prev.status.space :=
- address empty$
- { skip$ }
- { ": " * }
- if$
- t *
- }
- if$
- year empty$ month empty$ and
- { skip$ }
- { t empty$ address empty$ and
- { skip$ }
- { ", " * }
- if$
- month empty$
- { year empty$
- { skip$ }
- { year "year" bibinfo.check * }
- if$
- }
- { month "month" bibinfo.check *
- year empty$
- { skip$ }
- { " " * year "year" bibinfo.check * }
- if$
- }
- if$
- }
- if$
- }
- if$
-}
-
-
-FUNCTION {format.names}
-{ 'bibinfo :=
- duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ {
- this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- 's :=
- "" 't :=
- #1 'nameptr :=
- s num.names$ 'numnames :=
- numnames 'namesleft :=
- { namesleft #0 > }
- { s nameptr
- name.format.string
- format.name$
- bibinfo bibinfo.check
- 't :=
- nameptr #1 >
- { nameptr num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al #1 + =
- numnames max.num.names.before.forced.et.al >
- is.forced.et.al and and
- { "others" 't :=
- #1 'namesleft :=
- }
- { skip$ }
- if$
- namesleft #1 >
- { ", " * t do.name.latex.cmd * }
- { s nameptr "{ll}" format.name$ duplicate$ "others" =
- { 't := }
- { pop$ }
- if$
- t "others" =
- { " " * bbl.etal emphasize * }
- { numnames #2 >
- { "," * }
- { skip$ }
- if$
- bbl.and
- space.word * t do.name.latex.cmd *
- }
- if$
- }
- if$
- }
- { t do.name.latex.cmd }
- if$
- nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
- namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
- }
- while$
- cap.status.std
- } if$
-}
-
-
-
-
-%% Higher Level Formats
-
-%% addresses/locations
-
-FUNCTION {format.address}
-{ address duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
- { this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- cap.status.std
- }
- if$
-}
-
-
-
-%% author/editor names
-
-FUNCTION {format.authors}{ author "author" format.names }
-
-FUNCTION {format.editors}
-{ editor "editor" format.names duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
- { ", " *
- get.bbl.editor
- capitalize
- *
- }
- if$
-}
-
-
-
-%% date
-
-FUNCTION {format.date}
-{
- month "month" bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$
- year "year" bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$
- { swap$ 'skip$
- { this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- cap.status.std
- "there's a month but no year in " cite$ * warning$ }
- if$
- *
- }
- { this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- cap.status.std
- swap$ 'skip$
- {
- swap$
- " " * swap$
- }
- if$
- *
- }
- if$
-}
-
-FUNCTION {format.date.electronic}
-{ month "month" bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$
- year "year" bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$
- { swap$
- { pop$ }
- { "there's a month but no year in " cite$ * warning$
- pop$ ")" * "(" swap$ *
- this.to.prev.status
- punct.no 'this.status.punct :=
- space.normal 'this.status.space :=
- quote.no 'this.status.quote :=
- cap.yes 'status.cap :=
- }
- if$
- }
- { swap$
- { swap$ pop$ ")" * "(" swap$ * }
- { "(" swap$ * ", " * swap$ * ")" * }
- if$
- this.to.prev.status
- punct.no 'this.status.punct :=
- space.normal 'this.status.space :=
- quote.no 'this.status.quote :=
- cap.yes 'status.cap :=
- }
- if$
-}
-
-
-
-%% edition/title
-
-% Note: IEEE considers the edition to be closely associated with
-% the title of a book. So, in IEEEtran.bst the edition is normally handled
-% within the formatting of the title. The format.edition function is
-% retained here for possible future use.
-FUNCTION {format.edition}
-{ edition duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
- { this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- convert.edition
- status.cap
- { "t" }
- { "l" }
- if$ change.case$
- "edition" bibinfo.check
- "~" * bbl.edition *
- cap.status.std
- }
- if$
-}
-
-% This is used to format the booktitle of a conference proceedings.
-% Here we use the "intype" field to provide the user a way to
-% override the word "in" (e.g., with things like "presented at")
-% Use of intype stops the emphasis of the booktitle to indicate that
-% we no longer mean the written conference proceedings, but the
-% conference itself.
-FUNCTION {format.in.booktitle}
-{ booktitle "booktitle" bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
- { this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- select.language
- intype missing$
- { emphasize
- bbl.in " " *
- }
- { intype " " * }
- if$
- swap$ *
- cap.status.std
- }
- if$
-}
-
-% This is used to format the booktitle of collection.
-% Here the "intype" field is not supported, but "edition" is.
-FUNCTION {format.in.booktitle.edition}
-{ booktitle "booktitle" bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
- { this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- select.language
- emphasize
- edition empty$ 'skip$
- { ", " *
- edition
- convert.edition
- "l" change.case$
- * "~" * bbl.edition *
- }
- if$
- bbl.in " " * swap$ *
- cap.status.std
- }
- if$
-}
-
-FUNCTION {format.article.title}
-{ title duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
- { this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- "t" change.case$
- }
- if$
- "title" bibinfo.check
- duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
- { quote.close 'this.status.quote :=
- is.last.char.not.punct
- { punct.std 'this.status.punct := }
- { punct.no 'this.status.punct := }
- if$
- select.language
- "``" swap$ *
- cap.status.std
- }
- if$
-}
-
-FUNCTION {format.article.title.electronic}
-{ title duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
- { this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- cap.status.std
- "t" change.case$
- }
- if$
- "title" bibinfo.check
- duplicate$ empty$
- { skip$ }
- { select.language }
- if$
-}
-
-FUNCTION {format.book.title.edition}
-{ title "title" bibinfo.check
- duplicate$ empty$
- { "empty title in " cite$ * warning$ }
- { this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- select.language
- emphasize
- edition empty$ 'skip$
- { ", " *
- edition
- convert.edition
- status.cap
- { "t" }
- { "l" }
- if$
- change.case$
- * "~" * bbl.edition *
- }
- if$
- cap.status.std
- }
- if$
-}
-
-FUNCTION {format.book.title}
-{ title "title" bibinfo.check
- duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
- { this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- cap.status.std
- select.language
- emphasize
- }
- if$
-}
-
-
-
-%% journal
-
-FUNCTION {format.journal}
-{ journal duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
- { this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- cap.status.std
- select.language
- emphasize
- }
- if$
-}
-
-
-
-%% how published
-
-FUNCTION {format.howpublished}
-{ howpublished duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
- { this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- cap.status.std
- }
- if$
-}
-
-
-
-%% institutions/organization/publishers/school
-
-FUNCTION {format.institution}
-{ institution duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
- { this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- cap.status.std
- }
- if$
-}
-
-FUNCTION {format.organization}
-{ organization duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
- { this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- cap.status.std
- }
- if$
-}
-
-FUNCTION {format.address.publisher.date}
-{ publisher "publisher" bibinfo.warn format.address.org.or.pub.date }
-
-FUNCTION {format.address.publisher.date.nowarn}
-{ publisher "publisher" bibinfo.check format.address.org.or.pub.date }
-
-FUNCTION {format.address.organization.date}
-{ organization "organization" bibinfo.check format.address.org.or.pub.date }
-
-FUNCTION {format.school}
-{ school duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
- { this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- cap.status.std
- }
- if$
-}
-
-
-
-%% volume/number/series/chapter/pages
-
-FUNCTION {format.volume}
-{ volume empty.field.to.null.string
- duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
- { this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- bbl.volume
- status.cap
- { capitalize }
- { skip$ }
- if$
- swap$ tie.or.space.prefix
- "volume" bibinfo.check
- * *
- cap.status.std
- }
- if$
-}
-
-FUNCTION {format.number}
-{ number empty.field.to.null.string
- duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
- { this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- status.cap
- { bbl.number capitalize }
- { bbl.number }
- if$
- swap$ tie.or.space.prefix
- "number" bibinfo.check
- * *
- cap.status.std
- }
- if$
-}
-
-FUNCTION {format.number.if.use.for.article}
-{ is.use.number.for.article
- { format.number }
- { "" }
- if$
-}
-
-% IEEE does not seem to tie the series so closely with the volume
-% and number as is done in other bibliography styles. Instead the
-% series is treated somewhat like an extension of the title.
-FUNCTION {format.series}
-{ series empty$
- { "" }
- { this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- bbl.series " " *
- series "series" bibinfo.check *
- cap.status.std
- }
- if$
-}
-
-
-FUNCTION {format.chapter}
-{ chapter empty$
- { "" }
- { this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- type empty$
- { bbl.chapter }
- { type "l" change.case$
- "type" bibinfo.check
- }
- if$
- chapter tie.or.space.prefix
- "chapter" bibinfo.check
- * *
- cap.status.std
- }
- if$
-}
-
-
-% The intended use of format.paper is for paper numbers of inproceedings.
-% The paper type can be overridden via the type field.
-% We allow the type to be displayed even if the paper number is absent
-% for things like "postdeadline paper"
-FUNCTION {format.paper}
-{ is.use.paper
- { paper empty$
- { type empty$
- { "" }
- { this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- type "type" bibinfo.check
- cap.status.std
- }
- if$
- }
- { this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- type empty$
- { bbl.paper }
- { type "type" bibinfo.check }
- if$
- " " * paper
- "paper" bibinfo.check
- *
- cap.status.std
- }
- if$
- }
- { "" }
- if$
-}
-
-
-FUNCTION {format.pages}
-{ pages duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$
- { this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- duplicate$ is.multiple.pages
- {
- bbl.pages swap$
- n.dashify
- }
- {
- bbl.page swap$
- }
- if$
- tie.or.space.prefix
- "pages" bibinfo.check
- * *
- cap.status.std
- }
- if$
-}
-
-
-
-%% technical report number
-
-FUNCTION {format.tech.report.number}
-{ number "number" bibinfo.check
- this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- cap.status.std
- type duplicate$ empty$
- { pop$
- bbl.techrep
- }
- { skip$ }
- if$
- "type" bibinfo.check
- swap$ duplicate$ empty$
- { pop$ }
- { tie.or.space.prefix * * }
- if$
-}
-
-
-
-%% note
-
-FUNCTION {format.note}
-{ note empty$
- { "" }
- { this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- punct.period 'this.status.punct :=
- note #1 #1 substring$
- duplicate$ "{" =
- { skip$ }
- { status.cap
- { "u" }
- { "l" }
- if$
- change.case$
- }
- if$
- note #2 global.max$ substring$ * "note" bibinfo.check
- cap.yes 'status.cap :=
- }
- if$
-}
-
-
-
-%% patent
-
-FUNCTION {format.patent.date}
-{ this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- year empty$
- { monthfiled duplicate$ empty$
- { "monthfiled" bibinfo.check pop$ "" }
- { "monthfiled" bibinfo.check }
- if$
- dayfiled duplicate$ empty$
- { "dayfiled" bibinfo.check pop$ "" * }
- { "dayfiled" bibinfo.check
- monthfiled empty$
- { "dayfiled without a monthfiled in " cite$ * warning$
- *
- }
- { " " swap$ * * }
- if$
- }
- if$
- yearfiled empty$
- { "no year or yearfiled in " cite$ * warning$ }
- { yearfiled "yearfiled" bibinfo.check
- swap$
- duplicate$ empty$
- { pop$ }
- { ", " * swap$ * }
- if$
- }
- if$
- }
- { month duplicate$ empty$
- { "month" bibinfo.check pop$ "" }
- { "month" bibinfo.check }
- if$
- day duplicate$ empty$
- { "day" bibinfo.check pop$ "" * }
- { "day" bibinfo.check
- month empty$
- { "day without a month in " cite$ * warning$
- *
- }
- { " " swap$ * * }
- if$
- }
- if$
- year "year" bibinfo.check
- swap$
- duplicate$ empty$
- { pop$ }
- { ", " * swap$ * }
- if$
- }
- if$
- cap.status.std
-}
-
-FUNCTION {format.patent.nationality.type.number}
-{ this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- nationality duplicate$ empty$
- { "nationality" bibinfo.warn pop$ "" }
- { "nationality" bibinfo.check
- duplicate$ "l" change.case$ "united states" =
- { pop$ bbl.patentUS }
- { skip$ }
- if$
- " " *
- }
- if$
- type empty$
- { bbl.patent "type" bibinfo.check }
- { type "type" bibinfo.check }
- if$
- *
- number duplicate$ empty$
- { "number" bibinfo.warn pop$ }
- { "number" bibinfo.check
- large.number.separate
- swap$ " " * swap$ *
- }
- if$
- cap.status.std
-}
-
-
-
-%% standard
-
-FUNCTION {format.organization.institution.standard.type.number}
-{ this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- organization duplicate$ empty$
- { pop$
- institution duplicate$ empty$
- { "institution" bibinfo.warn }
- { "institution" bibinfo.warn " " * }
- if$
- }
- { "organization" bibinfo.warn " " * }
- if$
- type empty$
- { bbl.standard "type" bibinfo.check }
- { type "type" bibinfo.check }
- if$
- *
- number duplicate$ empty$
- { "number" bibinfo.check pop$ }
- { "number" bibinfo.check
- large.number.separate
- swap$ " " * swap$ *
- }
- if$
- cap.status.std
-}
-
-FUNCTION {format.revision}
-{ revision empty$
- { "" }
- { this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- bbl.revision
- revision tie.or.space.prefix
- "revision" bibinfo.check
- * *
- cap.status.std
- }
- if$
-}
-
-
-%% thesis
-
-FUNCTION {format.master.thesis.type}
-{ this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- type empty$
- {
- bbl.mthesis
- }
- {
- type "type" bibinfo.check
- }
- if$
-cap.status.std
-}
-
-FUNCTION {format.phd.thesis.type}
-{ this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- type empty$
- {
- bbl.phdthesis
- }
- {
- type "type" bibinfo.check
- }
- if$
-cap.status.std
-}
-
-
-
-%% URL
-
-FUNCTION {format.url}
-{ url empty$
- { "" }
- { this.to.prev.status
- this.status.std
- cap.yes 'status.cap :=
- name.url.prefix " " *
- "\url{" * url * "}" *
- punct.no 'this.status.punct :=
- punct.period 'prev.status.punct :=
- space.normal 'this.status.space :=
- space.normal 'prev.status.space :=
- quote.no 'this.status.quote :=
- }
- if$
-}
-
-
-
-
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-%% ENTRY HANDLERS %%
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-
-
-% Note: In many journals, IEEE (or the authors) tend not to show the number
-% for articles, so the display of the number is controlled here by the
-% switch "is.use.number.for.article"
-FUNCTION {article}
-{ std.status.using.comma
- start.entry
- if.url.alt.interword.spacing
- format.authors "author" output.warn
- name.or.dash
- format.article.title "title" output.warn
- format.journal "journal" bibinfo.check "journal" output.warn
- format.volume output
- format.number.if.use.for.article output
- format.pages output
- format.date "year" output.warn
- format.note output
- format.url output
- fin.entry
- if.url.std.interword.spacing
-}
-
-FUNCTION {book}
-{ std.status.using.comma
- start.entry
- if.url.alt.interword.spacing
- author empty$
- { format.editors "author and editor" output.warn }
- { format.authors output.nonnull }
- if$
- name.or.dash
- format.book.title.edition output
- format.series output
- author empty$
- { skip$ }
- { format.editors output }
- if$
- format.address.publisher.date output
- format.volume output
- format.number output
- format.note output
- format.url output
- fin.entry
- if.url.std.interword.spacing
-}
-
-FUNCTION {booklet}
-{ std.status.using.comma
- start.entry
- if.url.alt.interword.spacing
- format.authors output
- name.or.dash
- format.article.title "title" output.warn
- format.howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output
- format.organization "organization" bibinfo.check output
- format.address "address" bibinfo.check output
- format.date output
- format.note output
- format.url output
- fin.entry
- if.url.std.interword.spacing
-}
-
-FUNCTION {electronic}
-{ std.status.using.period
- start.entry
- if.url.alt.interword.spacing
- format.authors output
- name.or.dash
- format.date.electronic output
- format.article.title.electronic output
- format.howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output
- format.organization "organization" bibinfo.check output
- format.address "address" bibinfo.check output
- format.note output
- format.url output
- fin.entry
- empty.entry.warn
- if.url.std.interword.spacing
-}
-
-FUNCTION {inbook}
-{ std.status.using.comma
- start.entry
- if.url.alt.interword.spacing
- author empty$
- { format.editors "author and editor" output.warn }
- { format.authors output.nonnull }
- if$
- name.or.dash
- format.book.title.edition output
- format.series output
- format.address.publisher.date output
- format.volume output
- format.number output
- format.chapter output
- format.pages output
- format.note output
- format.url output
- fin.entry
- if.url.std.interword.spacing
-}
-
-FUNCTION {incollection}
-{ std.status.using.comma
- start.entry
- if.url.alt.interword.spacing
- format.authors "author" output.warn
- name.or.dash
- format.article.title "title" output.warn
- format.in.booktitle.edition "booktitle" output.warn
- format.series output
- format.editors output
- format.address.publisher.date.nowarn output
- format.volume output
- format.number output
- format.chapter output
- format.pages output
- format.note output
- format.url output
- fin.entry
- if.url.std.interword.spacing
-}
-
-FUNCTION {inproceedings}
-{ std.status.using.comma
- start.entry
- if.url.alt.interword.spacing
- format.authors "author" output.warn
- name.or.dash
- format.article.title "title" output.warn
- format.in.booktitle "booktitle" output.warn
- format.series output
- format.editors output
- format.volume output
- format.number output
- publisher empty$
- { format.address.organization.date output }
- { format.organization "organization" bibinfo.check output
- format.address.publisher.date output
- }
- if$
- format.paper output
- format.pages output
- format.note output
- format.url output
- fin.entry
- if.url.std.interword.spacing
-}
-
-FUNCTION {manual}
-{ std.status.using.comma
- start.entry
- if.url.alt.interword.spacing
- format.authors output
- name.or.dash
- format.book.title.edition "title" output.warn
- format.howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output
- format.organization "organization" bibinfo.check output
- format.address "address" bibinfo.check output
- format.date output
- format.note output
- format.url output
- fin.entry
- if.url.std.interword.spacing
-}
-
-FUNCTION {mastersthesis}
-{ std.status.using.comma
- start.entry
- if.url.alt.interword.spacing
- format.authors "author" output.warn
- name.or.dash
- format.article.title "title" output.warn
- format.master.thesis.type output.nonnull
- format.school "school" bibinfo.warn output
- format.address "address" bibinfo.check output
- format.date "year" output.warn
- format.note output
- format.url output
- fin.entry
- if.url.std.interword.spacing
-}
-
-FUNCTION {misc}
-{ std.status.using.comma
- start.entry
- if.url.alt.interword.spacing
- format.authors output
- name.or.dash
- format.article.title output
- format.howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output
- format.organization "organization" bibinfo.check output
- format.address "address" bibinfo.check output
- format.pages output
- format.date output
- format.note output
- format.url output
- fin.entry
- empty.entry.warn
- if.url.std.interword.spacing
-}
-
-FUNCTION {patent}
-{ std.status.using.comma
- start.entry
- if.url.alt.interword.spacing
- format.authors output
- name.or.dash
- format.article.title output
- format.patent.nationality.type.number output
- format.patent.date output
- format.note output
- format.url output
- fin.entry
- empty.entry.warn
- if.url.std.interword.spacing
-}
-
-FUNCTION {periodical}
-{ std.status.using.comma
- start.entry
- if.url.alt.interword.spacing
- format.editors output
- name.or.dash
- format.book.title "title" output.warn
- format.series output
- format.volume output
- format.number output
- format.organization "organization" bibinfo.check output
- format.date "year" output.warn
- format.note output
- format.url output
- fin.entry
- if.url.std.interword.spacing
-}
-
-FUNCTION {phdthesis}
-{ std.status.using.comma
- start.entry
- if.url.alt.interword.spacing
- format.authors "author" output.warn
- name.or.dash
- format.article.title "title" output.warn
- format.phd.thesis.type output.nonnull
- format.school "school" bibinfo.warn output
- format.address "address" bibinfo.check output
- format.date "year" output.warn
- format.note output
- format.url output
- fin.entry
- if.url.std.interword.spacing
-}
-
-FUNCTION {proceedings}
-{ std.status.using.comma
- start.entry
- if.url.alt.interword.spacing
- format.editors output
- name.or.dash
- format.book.title "title" output.warn
- format.series output
- format.volume output
- format.number output
- publisher empty$
- { format.address.organization.date output }
- { format.organization "organization" bibinfo.check output
- format.address.publisher.date output
- }
- if$
- format.note output
- format.url output
- fin.entry
- if.url.std.interword.spacing
-}
-
-FUNCTION {standard}
-{ std.status.using.comma
- start.entry
- if.url.alt.interword.spacing
- format.authors output
- name.or.dash
- format.book.title "title" output.warn
- format.howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output
- format.organization.institution.standard.type.number output
- format.revision output
- format.date output
- format.note output
- format.url output
- fin.entry
- if.url.std.interword.spacing
-}
-
-FUNCTION {techreport}
-{ std.status.using.comma
- start.entry
- if.url.alt.interword.spacing
- format.authors "author" output.warn
- name.or.dash
- format.article.title "title" output.warn
- format.howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output
- format.institution "institution" bibinfo.warn output
- format.address "address" bibinfo.check output
- format.tech.report.number output.nonnull
- format.date "year" output.warn
- format.note output
- format.url output
- fin.entry
- if.url.std.interword.spacing
-}
-
-FUNCTION {unpublished}
-{ std.status.using.comma
- start.entry
- if.url.alt.interword.spacing
- format.authors "author" output.warn
- name.or.dash
- format.article.title "title" output.warn
- format.date output
- format.note "note" output.warn
- format.url output
- fin.entry
- if.url.std.interword.spacing
-}
-
-
-% The special entry type which provides the user interface to the
-% BST controls
-FUNCTION {IEEEtranBSTCTL}
-{ is.print.banners.to.terminal
- { "** IEEEtran BST control entry " quote$ * cite$ * quote$ * " detected." *
- top$
- }
- { skip$ }
- if$
- CTLuse_article_number
- empty$
- { skip$ }
- { CTLuse_article_number
- yes.no.to.int
- 'is.use.number.for.article :=
- }
- if$
- CTLuse_paper
- empty$
- { skip$ }
- { CTLuse_paper
- yes.no.to.int
- 'is.use.paper :=
- }
- if$
- CTLuse_forced_etal
- empty$
- { skip$ }
- { CTLuse_forced_etal
- yes.no.to.int
- 'is.forced.et.al :=
- }
- if$
- CTLmax_names_forced_etal
- empty$
- { skip$ }
- { CTLmax_names_forced_etal
- string.to.integer
- 'max.num.names.before.forced.et.al :=
- }
- if$
- CTLnames_show_etal
- empty$
- { skip$ }
- { CTLnames_show_etal
- string.to.integer
- 'num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al :=
- }
- if$
- CTLuse_alt_spacing
- empty$
- { skip$ }
- { CTLuse_alt_spacing
- yes.no.to.int
- 'is.use.alt.interword.spacing :=
- }
- if$
- CTLalt_stretch_factor
- empty$
- { skip$ }
- { CTLalt_stretch_factor
- 'ALTinterwordstretchfactor :=
- "\renewcommand{\BIBentryALTinterwordstretchfactor}{"
- ALTinterwordstretchfactor * "}" *
- write$ newline$
- }
- if$
- CTLdash_repeated_names
- empty$
- { skip$ }
- { CTLdash_repeated_names
- yes.no.to.int
- 'is.dash.repeated.names :=
- }
- if$
- CTLname_format_string
- empty$
- { skip$ }
- { CTLname_format_string
- 'name.format.string :=
- }
- if$
- CTLname_latex_cmd
- empty$
- { skip$ }
- { CTLname_latex_cmd
- 'name.latex.cmd :=
- }
- if$
- CTLname_url_prefix
- missing$
- { skip$ }
- { CTLname_url_prefix
- 'name.url.prefix :=
- }
- if$
-
-
- num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al max.num.names.before.forced.et.al >
- { "CTLnames_show_etal cannot be greater than CTLmax_names_forced_etal in " cite$ * warning$
- max.num.names.before.forced.et.al 'num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al :=
- }
- { skip$ }
- if$
-}
-
-
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-%% ENTRY ALIASES %%
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-FUNCTION {conference}{inproceedings}
-FUNCTION {online}{electronic}
-FUNCTION {internet}{electronic}
-FUNCTION {webpage}{electronic}
-FUNCTION {www}{electronic}
-FUNCTION {default.type}{misc}
-
-
-
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-%% MAIN PROGRAM %%
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-
-READ
-
-EXECUTE {initialize.controls}
-EXECUTE {initialize.status.constants}
-EXECUTE {banner.message}
-
-EXECUTE {initialize.longest.label}
-ITERATE {longest.label.pass}
-
-EXECUTE {begin.bib}
-ITERATE {call.type$}
-EXECUTE {end.bib}
-
-EXECUTE{completed.message}
-
-
-%% That's all folks, mds.
+%%\r
+%% IEEEtran.bst\r
+%% BibTeX Bibliography Style file for IEEE Journals and Conferences (unsorted)\r
+%% Version 1.13 (2008/09/30)\r
+%% \r
+%% Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Michael Shell\r
+%% \r
+%% Original starting code base and algorithms obtained from the output of\r
+%% Patrick W. Daly's makebst package as well as from prior versions of\r
+%% IEEE BibTeX styles:\r
+%% \r
+%% 1. Howard Trickey and Oren Patashnik's ieeetr.bst (1985/1988)\r
+%% 2. Silvano Balemi and Richard H. Roy's IEEEbib.bst (1993)\r
+%% \r
+%% Support sites:\r
+%% http://www.michaelshell.org/tex/ieeetran/\r
+%% http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/IEEEtran/\r
+%% and/or\r
+%% http://www.ieee.org/\r
+%% \r
+%% For use with BibTeX version 0.99a or later\r
+%%\r
+%% This is a numerical citation style.\r
+%% \r
+%%*************************************************************************\r
+%% Legal Notice:\r
+%% This code is offered as-is without any warranty either expressed or\r
+%% implied; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or\r
+%% FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE! \r
+%% User assumes all risk.\r
+%% In no event shall IEEE or any contributor to this code be liable for\r
+%% any damages or losses, including, but not limited to, incidental,\r
+%% consequential, or any other damages, resulting from the use or misuse\r
+%% of any information contained here.\r
+%%\r
+%% All comments are the opinions of their respective authors and are not\r
+%% necessarily endorsed by the IEEE.\r
+%%\r
+%% This work is distributed under the LaTeX Project Public License (LPPL)\r
+%% ( http://www.latex-project.org/ ) version 1.3, and may be freely used,\r
+%% distributed and modified. A copy of the LPPL, version 1.3, is included\r
+%% in the base LaTeX documentation of all distributions of LaTeX released\r
+%% 2003/12/01 or later.\r
+%% Retain all contribution notices and credits.\r
+%% ** Modified files should be clearly indicated as such, including **\r
+%% ** renaming them and changing author support contact information. **\r
+%%\r
+%% File list of work: IEEEabrv.bib, IEEEfull.bib, IEEEexample.bib,\r
+%% IEEEtran.bst, IEEEtranS.bst, IEEEtranSA.bst,\r
+%% IEEEtranN.bst, IEEEtranSN.bst, IEEEtran_bst_HOWTO.pdf\r
+%%*************************************************************************\r
+%\r
+%\r
+% Changelog:\r
+%\r
+% 1.00 (2002/08/13) Initial release\r
+%\r
+% 1.10 (2002/09/27)\r
+% 1. Corrected minor bug for improperly formed warning message when a\r
+% book was not given a title. Thanks to Ming Kin Lai for reporting this.\r
+% 2. Added support for CTLname_format_string and CTLname_latex_cmd fields\r
+% in the BST control entry type.\r
+%\r
+% 1.11 (2003/04/02)\r
+% 1. Fixed bug with URLs containing underscores when using url.sty. Thanks\r
+% to Ming Kin Lai for reporting this.\r
+%\r
+% 1.12 (2007/01/11)\r
+% 1. Fixed bug with unwanted comma before "et al." when an entry contained\r
+% more than two author names. Thanks to Pallav Gupta for reporting this.\r
+% 2. Fixed bug with anomalous closing quote in tech reports that have a\r
+% type, but without a number or address. Thanks to Mehrdad Mirreza for\r
+% reporting this.\r
+% 3. Use braces in \providecommand in begin.bib to better support\r
+% latex2html. TeX style length assignments OK with recent versions\r
+% of latex2html - 1.71 (2002/2/1) or later is strongly recommended.\r
+% Use of the language field still causes trouble with latex2html.\r
+% Thanks to Federico Beffa for reporting this.\r
+% 4. Added IEEEtran.bst ID and version comment string to .bbl output.\r
+% 5. Provide a \BIBdecl hook that allows the user to execute commands\r
+% just prior to the first entry.\r
+% 6. Use default urlstyle (is using url.sty) of "same" rather than rm to\r
+% better work with a wider variety of bibliography styles.\r
+% 7. Changed month abbreviations from Sept., July and June to Sep., Jul.,\r
+% and Jun., respectively, as IEEE now does. Thanks to Moritz Borgmann\r
+% for reporting this.\r
+% 8. Control entry types should not be considered when calculating longest\r
+% label width.\r
+% 9. Added alias www for electronic/online.\r
+% 10. Added CTLname_url_prefix control entry type.\r
+%\r
+% 1.13 (2008/09/30)\r
+% 1. Fixed bug with edition number to ordinal conversion. Thanks to\r
+% Michael Roland for reporting this and correcting the algorithm.\r
+\r
+\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+%% DEFAULTS FOR THE CONTROLS OF THE BST STYLE %%\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+\r
+% These are the defaults for the user adjustable controls. The values used\r
+% here can be overridden by the user via IEEEtranBSTCTL entry type.\r
+\r
+% NOTE: The recommended LaTeX command to invoke a control entry type is:\r
+% \r
+%\makeatletter\r
+%\def\bstctlcite{\@ifnextchar[{\@bstctlcite}{\@bstctlcite[@auxout]}}\r
+%\def\@bstctlcite[#1]#2{\@bsphack\r
+% \@for\@citeb:=#2\do{%\r
+% \edef\@citeb{\expandafter\@firstofone\@citeb}%\r
+% \if@filesw\immediate\write\csname #1\endcsname{\string\citation{\@citeb}}\fi}%\r
+% \@esphack}\r
+%\makeatother\r
+%\r
+% It is called at the start of the document, before the first \cite, like:\r
+% \bstctlcite{IEEEexample:BSTcontrol}\r
+%\r
+% IEEEtran.cls V1.6 and later does provide this command.\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+% #0 turns off the display of the number for articles.\r
+% #1 enables\r
+FUNCTION {default.is.use.number.for.article} { #1 }\r
+\r
+\r
+% #0 turns off the display of the paper and type fields in @inproceedings.\r
+% #1 enables\r
+FUNCTION {default.is.use.paper} { #1 }\r
+\r
+\r
+% #0 turns off the forced use of "et al."\r
+% #1 enables\r
+FUNCTION {default.is.forced.et.al} { #0 }\r
+\r
+% The maximum number of names that can be present beyond which an "et al."\r
+% usage is forced. Be sure that num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al (below)\r
+% is not greater than this value!\r
+% Note: There are many instances of references in IEEE journals which have\r
+% a very large number of authors as well as instances in which "et al." is\r
+% used profusely.\r
+FUNCTION {default.max.num.names.before.forced.et.al} { #10 }\r
+\r
+% The number of names that will be shown with a forced "et al.".\r
+% Must be less than or equal to max.num.names.before.forced.et.al\r
+FUNCTION {default.num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al} { #1 }\r
+\r
+\r
+% #0 turns off the alternate interword spacing for entries with URLs.\r
+% #1 enables\r
+FUNCTION {default.is.use.alt.interword.spacing} { #1 }\r
+\r
+% If alternate interword spacing for entries with URLs is enabled, this is\r
+% the interword spacing stretch factor that will be used. For example, the\r
+% default "4" here means that the interword spacing in entries with URLs can\r
+% stretch to four times normal. Does not have to be an integer. Note that\r
+% the value specified here can be overridden by the user in their LaTeX\r
+% code via a command such as: \r
+% "\providecommand\BIBentryALTinterwordstretchfactor{1.5}" in addition to\r
+% that via the IEEEtranBSTCTL entry type.\r
+FUNCTION {default.ALTinterwordstretchfactor} { "4" }\r
+\r
+\r
+% #0 turns off the "dashification" of repeated (i.e., identical to those\r
+% of the previous entry) names. IEEE normally does this.\r
+% #1 enables\r
+FUNCTION {default.is.dash.repeated.names} { #1 }\r
+\r
+\r
+% The default name format control string.\r
+FUNCTION {default.name.format.string}{ "{f.~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}" }\r
+\r
+\r
+% The default LaTeX font command for the names.\r
+FUNCTION {default.name.latex.cmd}{ "" }\r
+\r
+\r
+% The default URL prefix.\r
+FUNCTION {default.name.url.prefix}{ "[Online]. Available:" }\r
+\r
+\r
+% Other controls that cannot be accessed via IEEEtranBSTCTL entry type.\r
+\r
+% #0 turns off the terminal startup banner/completed message so as to\r
+% operate more quietly.\r
+% #1 enables\r
+FUNCTION {is.print.banners.to.terminal} { #1 }\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+%% FILE VERSION AND BANNER %%\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+\r
+FUNCTION{bst.file.version} { "1.13" }\r
+FUNCTION{bst.file.date} { "2008/09/30" }\r
+FUNCTION{bst.file.website} { "http://www.michaelshell.org/tex/ieeetran/bibtex/" }\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {banner.message}\r
+{ is.print.banners.to.terminal\r
+ { "-- IEEEtran.bst version" " " * bst.file.version *\r
+ " (" * bst.file.date * ") " * "by Michael Shell." *\r
+ top$\r
+ "-- " bst.file.website *\r
+ top$\r
+ "-- See the " quote$ * "IEEEtran_bst_HOWTO.pdf" * quote$ * " manual for usage information." *\r
+ top$\r
+ }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {completed.message}\r
+{ is.print.banners.to.terminal\r
+ { ""\r
+ top$\r
+ "Done."\r
+ top$\r
+ }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+%% STRING CONSTANTS %%\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {bbl.and}{ "and" }\r
+FUNCTION {bbl.etal}{ "et~al." }\r
+FUNCTION {bbl.editors}{ "eds." }\r
+FUNCTION {bbl.editor}{ "ed." }\r
+FUNCTION {bbl.edition}{ "ed." }\r
+FUNCTION {bbl.volume}{ "vol." }\r
+FUNCTION {bbl.of}{ "of" }\r
+FUNCTION {bbl.number}{ "no." }\r
+FUNCTION {bbl.in}{ "in" }\r
+FUNCTION {bbl.pages}{ "pp." }\r
+FUNCTION {bbl.page}{ "p." }\r
+FUNCTION {bbl.chapter}{ "ch." }\r
+FUNCTION {bbl.paper}{ "paper" }\r
+FUNCTION {bbl.part}{ "pt." }\r
+FUNCTION {bbl.patent}{ "Patent" }\r
+FUNCTION {bbl.patentUS}{ "U.S." }\r
+FUNCTION {bbl.revision}{ "Rev." }\r
+FUNCTION {bbl.series}{ "ser." }\r
+FUNCTION {bbl.standard}{ "Std." }\r
+FUNCTION {bbl.techrep}{ "Tech. Rep." }\r
+FUNCTION {bbl.mthesis}{ "Master's thesis" }\r
+FUNCTION {bbl.phdthesis}{ "Ph.D. dissertation" }\r
+FUNCTION {bbl.st}{ "st" }\r
+FUNCTION {bbl.nd}{ "nd" }\r
+FUNCTION {bbl.rd}{ "rd" }\r
+FUNCTION {bbl.th}{ "th" }\r
+\r
+\r
+% This is the LaTeX spacer that is used when a larger than normal space\r
+% is called for (such as just before the address:publisher).\r
+FUNCTION {large.space} { "\hskip 1em plus 0.5em minus 0.4em\relax " }\r
+\r
+% The LaTeX code for dashes that are used to represent repeated names.\r
+% Note: Some older IEEE journals used something like\r
+% "\rule{0.275in}{0.5pt}\," which is fairly thick and runs right along\r
+% the baseline. However, IEEE now uses a thinner, above baseline,\r
+% six dash long sequence.\r
+FUNCTION {repeated.name.dashes} { "------" }\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+%% PREDEFINED STRING MACROS %%\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+\r
+MACRO {jan} {"Jan."}\r
+MACRO {feb} {"Feb."}\r
+MACRO {mar} {"Mar."}\r
+MACRO {apr} {"Apr."}\r
+MACRO {may} {"May"}\r
+MACRO {jun} {"Jun."}\r
+MACRO {jul} {"Jul."}\r
+MACRO {aug} {"Aug."}\r
+MACRO {sep} {"Sep."}\r
+MACRO {oct} {"Oct."}\r
+MACRO {nov} {"Nov."}\r
+MACRO {dec} {"Dec."}\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+%% ENTRY FIELDS %%\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+\r
+ENTRY\r
+ { address\r
+ assignee\r
+ author\r
+ booktitle\r
+ chapter\r
+ day\r
+ dayfiled\r
+ edition\r
+ editor\r
+ howpublished\r
+ institution\r
+ intype\r
+ journal\r
+ key\r
+ language\r
+ month\r
+ monthfiled\r
+ nationality\r
+ note\r
+ number\r
+ organization\r
+ pages\r
+ paper\r
+ publisher\r
+ school\r
+ series\r
+ revision\r
+ title\r
+ type\r
+ url\r
+ volume\r
+ year\r
+ yearfiled\r
+ CTLuse_article_number\r
+ CTLuse_paper\r
+ CTLuse_forced_etal\r
+ CTLmax_names_forced_etal\r
+ CTLnames_show_etal\r
+ CTLuse_alt_spacing\r
+ CTLalt_stretch_factor\r
+ CTLdash_repeated_names\r
+ CTLname_format_string\r
+ CTLname_latex_cmd\r
+ CTLname_url_prefix\r
+ }\r
+ {}\r
+ { label }\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+%% INTEGER VARIABLES %%\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+\r
+INTEGERS { prev.status.punct this.status.punct punct.std\r
+ punct.no punct.comma punct.period \r
+ prev.status.space this.status.space space.std\r
+ space.no space.normal space.large\r
+ prev.status.quote this.status.quote quote.std\r
+ quote.no quote.close\r
+ prev.status.nline this.status.nline nline.std\r
+ nline.no nline.newblock \r
+ status.cap cap.std\r
+ cap.no cap.yes}\r
+\r
+INTEGERS { longest.label.width multiresult nameptr namesleft number.label numnames }\r
+\r
+INTEGERS { is.use.number.for.article\r
+ is.use.paper\r
+ is.forced.et.al\r
+ max.num.names.before.forced.et.al\r
+ num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al\r
+ is.use.alt.interword.spacing\r
+ is.dash.repeated.names}\r
+\r
+\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+%% STRING VARIABLES %%\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+\r
+STRINGS { bibinfo\r
+ longest.label\r
+ oldname\r
+ s\r
+ t\r
+ ALTinterwordstretchfactor\r
+ name.format.string\r
+ name.latex.cmd\r
+ name.url.prefix}\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+%% LOW LEVEL FUNCTIONS %%\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {initialize.controls}\r
+{ default.is.use.number.for.article 'is.use.number.for.article :=\r
+ default.is.use.paper 'is.use.paper :=\r
+ default.is.forced.et.al 'is.forced.et.al :=\r
+ default.max.num.names.before.forced.et.al 'max.num.names.before.forced.et.al :=\r
+ default.num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al 'num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al :=\r
+ default.is.use.alt.interword.spacing 'is.use.alt.interword.spacing :=\r
+ default.is.dash.repeated.names 'is.dash.repeated.names :=\r
+ default.ALTinterwordstretchfactor 'ALTinterwordstretchfactor :=\r
+ default.name.format.string 'name.format.string :=\r
+ default.name.latex.cmd 'name.latex.cmd :=\r
+ default.name.url.prefix 'name.url.prefix :=\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+% This IEEEtran.bst features a very powerful and flexible mechanism for\r
+% controlling the capitalization, punctuation, spacing, quotation, and\r
+% newlines of the formatted entry fields. (Note: IEEEtran.bst does not need\r
+% or use the newline/newblock feature, but it has been implemented for\r
+% possible future use.) The output states of IEEEtran.bst consist of\r
+% multiple independent attributes and, as such, can be thought of as being\r
+% vectors, rather than the simple scalar values ("before.all", \r
+% "mid.sentence", etc.) used in most other .bst files.\r
+% \r
+% The more flexible and complex design used here was motivated in part by\r
+% IEEE's rather unusual bibliography style. For example, IEEE ends the\r
+% previous field item with a period and large space prior to the publisher\r
+% address; the @electronic entry types use periods as inter-item punctuation\r
+% rather than the commas used by the other entry types; and URLs are never\r
+% followed by periods even though they are the last item in the entry.\r
+% Although it is possible to accommodate these features with the conventional\r
+% output state system, the seemingly endless exceptions make for convoluted,\r
+% unreliable and difficult to maintain code.\r
+%\r
+% IEEEtran.bst's output state system can be easily understood via a simple\r
+% illustration of two most recently formatted entry fields (on the stack):\r
+%\r
+% CURRENT_ITEM\r
+% "PREVIOUS_ITEM\r
+%\r
+% which, in this example, is to eventually appear in the bibliography as:\r
+% \r
+% "PREVIOUS_ITEM," CURRENT_ITEM\r
+%\r
+% It is the job of the output routine to take the previous item off of the\r
+% stack (while leaving the current item at the top of the stack), apply its\r
+% trailing punctuation (including closing quote marks) and spacing, and then\r
+% to write the result to BibTeX's output buffer:\r
+% \r
+% "PREVIOUS_ITEM," \r
+% \r
+% Punctuation (and spacing) between items is often determined by both of the\r
+% items rather than just the first one. The presence of quotation marks\r
+% further complicates the situation because, in standard English, trailing\r
+% punctuation marks are supposed to be contained within the quotes.\r
+% \r
+% IEEEtran.bst maintains two output state (aka "status") vectors which\r
+% correspond to the previous and current (aka "this") items. Each vector\r
+% consists of several independent attributes which track punctuation,\r
+% spacing, quotation, and newlines. Capitalization status is handled by a\r
+% separate scalar because the format routines, not the output routine,\r
+% handle capitalization and, therefore, there is no need to maintain the\r
+% capitalization attribute for both the "previous" and "this" items.\r
+% \r
+% When a format routine adds a new item, it copies the current output status\r
+% vector to the previous output status vector and (usually) resets the\r
+% current (this) output status vector to a "standard status" vector. Using a\r
+% "standard status" vector in this way allows us to redefine what we mean by\r
+% "standard status" at the start of each entry handler and reuse the same\r
+% format routines under the various inter-item separation schemes. For\r
+% example, the standard status vector for the @book entry type may use\r
+% commas for item separators, while the @electronic type may use periods,\r
+% yet both entry handlers exploit many of the exact same format routines.\r
+% \r
+% Because format routines have write access to the output status vector of\r
+% the previous item, they can override the punctuation choices of the\r
+% previous format routine! Therefore, it becomes trivial to implement rules\r
+% such as "Always use a period and a large space before the publisher." By\r
+% pushing the generation of the closing quote mark to the output routine, we\r
+% avoid all the problems caused by having to close a quote before having all\r
+% the information required to determine what the punctuation should be.\r
+%\r
+% The IEEEtran.bst output state system can easily be expanded if needed.\r
+% For instance, it is easy to add a "space.tie" attribute value if the\r
+% bibliography rules mandate that two items have to be joined with an\r
+% unbreakable space. \r
+\r
+FUNCTION {initialize.status.constants}\r
+{ #0 'punct.no :=\r
+ #1 'punct.comma :=\r
+ #2 'punct.period :=\r
+ #0 'space.no := \r
+ #1 'space.normal :=\r
+ #2 'space.large :=\r
+ #0 'quote.no :=\r
+ #1 'quote.close :=\r
+ #0 'cap.no :=\r
+ #1 'cap.yes :=\r
+ #0 'nline.no :=\r
+ #1 'nline.newblock :=\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {std.status.using.comma}\r
+{ punct.comma 'punct.std :=\r
+ space.normal 'space.std :=\r
+ quote.no 'quote.std :=\r
+ nline.no 'nline.std :=\r
+ cap.no 'cap.std :=\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {std.status.using.period}\r
+{ punct.period 'punct.std :=\r
+ space.normal 'space.std :=\r
+ quote.no 'quote.std :=\r
+ nline.no 'nline.std :=\r
+ cap.yes 'cap.std :=\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {initialize.prev.this.status}\r
+{ punct.no 'prev.status.punct :=\r
+ space.no 'prev.status.space :=\r
+ quote.no 'prev.status.quote :=\r
+ nline.no 'prev.status.nline :=\r
+ punct.no 'this.status.punct :=\r
+ space.no 'this.status.space :=\r
+ quote.no 'this.status.quote :=\r
+ nline.no 'this.status.nline :=\r
+ cap.yes 'status.cap :=\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {this.status.std}\r
+{ punct.std 'this.status.punct :=\r
+ space.std 'this.status.space :=\r
+ quote.std 'this.status.quote :=\r
+ nline.std 'this.status.nline :=\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {cap.status.std}{ cap.std 'status.cap := }\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {this.to.prev.status}\r
+{ this.status.punct 'prev.status.punct :=\r
+ this.status.space 'prev.status.space :=\r
+ this.status.quote 'prev.status.quote :=\r
+ this.status.nline 'prev.status.nline :=\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {not}\r
+{ { #0 }\r
+ { #1 }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {and}\r
+{ { skip$ }\r
+ { pop$ #0 }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {or}\r
+{ { pop$ #1 }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+% convert the strings "yes" or "no" to #1 or #0 respectively\r
+FUNCTION {yes.no.to.int}\r
+{ "l" change.case$ duplicate$\r
+ "yes" =\r
+ { pop$ #1 }\r
+ { duplicate$ "no" =\r
+ { pop$ #0 }\r
+ { "unknown boolean " quote$ * swap$ * quote$ *\r
+ " in " * cite$ * warning$\r
+ #0\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+% pushes true if the single char string on the stack is in the\r
+% range of "0" to "9"\r
+FUNCTION {is.num}\r
+{ chr.to.int$\r
+ duplicate$ "0" chr.to.int$ < not\r
+ swap$ "9" chr.to.int$ > not and\r
+}\r
+\r
+% multiplies the integer on the stack by a factor of 10\r
+FUNCTION {bump.int.mag}\r
+{ #0 'multiresult :=\r
+ { duplicate$ #0 > }\r
+ { #1 -\r
+ multiresult #10 +\r
+ 'multiresult :=\r
+ }\r
+ while$\r
+pop$\r
+multiresult\r
+}\r
+\r
+% converts a single character string on the stack to an integer\r
+FUNCTION {char.to.integer}\r
+{ duplicate$ \r
+ is.num\r
+ { chr.to.int$ "0" chr.to.int$ - }\r
+ {"noninteger character " quote$ * swap$ * quote$ *\r
+ " in integer field of " * cite$ * warning$\r
+ #0\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+% converts a string on the stack to an integer\r
+FUNCTION {string.to.integer}\r
+{ duplicate$ text.length$ 'namesleft :=\r
+ #1 'nameptr :=\r
+ #0 'numnames :=\r
+ { nameptr namesleft > not }\r
+ { duplicate$ nameptr #1 substring$\r
+ char.to.integer numnames bump.int.mag +\r
+ 'numnames :=\r
+ nameptr #1 +\r
+ 'nameptr :=\r
+ }\r
+ while$\r
+pop$\r
+numnames\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+% The output routines write out the *next* to the top (previous) item on the\r
+% stack, adding punctuation and such as needed. Since IEEEtran.bst maintains\r
+% the output status for the top two items on the stack, these output\r
+% routines have to consider the previous output status (which corresponds to\r
+% the item that is being output). Full independent control of punctuation,\r
+% closing quote marks, spacing, and newblock is provided.\r
+% \r
+% "output.nonnull" does not check for the presence of a previous empty\r
+% item.\r
+% \r
+% "output" does check for the presence of a previous empty item and will\r
+% remove an empty item rather than outputing it.\r
+% \r
+% "output.warn" is like "output", but will issue a warning if it detects\r
+% an empty item.\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {output.nonnull}\r
+{ swap$\r
+ prev.status.punct punct.comma =\r
+ { "," * }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ prev.status.punct punct.period =\r
+ { add.period$ }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$ \r
+ prev.status.quote quote.close =\r
+ { "''" * }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ prev.status.space space.normal =\r
+ { " " * }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ prev.status.space space.large =\r
+ { large.space * }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ write$\r
+ prev.status.nline nline.newblock =\r
+ { newline$ "\newblock " write$ }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {output}\r
+{ duplicate$ empty$\r
+ 'pop$\r
+ 'output.nonnull\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {output.warn}\r
+{ 't :=\r
+ duplicate$ empty$\r
+ { pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }\r
+ 'output.nonnull\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+% "fin.entry" is the output routine that handles the last item of the entry\r
+% (which will be on the top of the stack when "fin.entry" is called).\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {fin.entry}\r
+{ this.status.punct punct.no =\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ { add.period$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ this.status.quote quote.close =\r
+ { "''" * }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+write$\r
+newline$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {is.last.char.not.punct}\r
+{ duplicate$\r
+ "}" * add.period$\r
+ #-1 #1 substring$ "." =\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {is.multiple.pages}\r
+{ 't :=\r
+ #0 'multiresult :=\r
+ { multiresult not\r
+ t empty$ not\r
+ and\r
+ }\r
+ { t #1 #1 substring$\r
+ duplicate$ "-" =\r
+ swap$ duplicate$ "," =\r
+ swap$ "+" =\r
+ or or\r
+ { #1 'multiresult := }\r
+ { t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ while$\r
+ multiresult\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {capitalize}{ "u" change.case$ "t" change.case$ }\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {emphasize}\r
+{ duplicate$ empty$\r
+ { pop$ "" }\r
+%% Turned off for MESH2013\r
+% { "\emph{" swap$ * "}" * }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+%%\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {do.name.latex.cmd}\r
+{ name.latex.cmd\r
+ empty$\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ { name.latex.cmd "{" * swap$ * "}" * }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+% IEEEtran.bst uses its own \BIBforeignlanguage command which directly\r
+% invokes the TeX hyphenation patterns without the need of the Babel\r
+% package. Babel does a lot more than switch hyphenation patterns and\r
+% its loading can cause unintended effects in many class files (such as\r
+% IEEEtran.cls).\r
+FUNCTION {select.language}\r
+{ duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$\r
+ { language empty$ 'skip$\r
+ { "\BIBforeignlanguage{" language * "}{" * swap$ * "}" * }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {tie.or.space.prefix}\r
+{ duplicate$ text.length$ #3 <\r
+ { "~" }\r
+ { " " }\r
+ if$\r
+ swap$\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {get.bbl.editor}\r
+{ editor num.names$ #1 > 'bbl.editors 'bbl.editor if$ }\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {space.word}{ " " swap$ * " " * }\r
+\r
+\r
+% Field Conditioners, Converters, Checkers and External Interfaces\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {empty.field.to.null.string}\r
+{ duplicate$ empty$\r
+ { pop$ "" }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {either.or.check}\r
+{ empty$\r
+ { pop$ }\r
+ { "can't use both " swap$ * " fields in " * cite$ * warning$ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {empty.entry.warn}\r
+{ author empty$ title empty$ howpublished empty$\r
+ month empty$ year empty$ note empty$ url empty$\r
+ and and and and and and\r
+ { "all relevant fields are empty in " cite$ * warning$ }\r
+ 'skip$\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+% The bibinfo system provides a way for the electronic parsing/acquisition\r
+% of a bibliography's contents as is done by ReVTeX. For example, a field\r
+% could be entered into the bibliography as:\r
+% \bibinfo{volume}{2}\r
+% Only the "2" would show up in the document, but the LaTeX \bibinfo command\r
+% could do additional things with the information. IEEEtran.bst does provide\r
+% a \bibinfo command via "\providecommand{\bibinfo}[2]{#2}". However, it is\r
+% currently not used as the bogus bibinfo functions defined here output the\r
+% entry values directly without the \bibinfo wrapper. The bibinfo functions\r
+% themselves (and the calls to them) are retained for possible future use.\r
+% \r
+% bibinfo.check avoids acting on missing fields while bibinfo.warn will\r
+% issue a warning message if a missing field is detected. Prior to calling\r
+% the bibinfo functions, the user should push the field value and then its\r
+% name string, in that order.\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {bibinfo.check}\r
+{ swap$ duplicate$ missing$\r
+ { pop$ pop$ "" }\r
+ { duplicate$ empty$\r
+ { swap$ pop$ }\r
+ { swap$ pop$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {bibinfo.warn}\r
+{ swap$ duplicate$ missing$\r
+ { swap$ "missing " swap$ * " in " * cite$ * warning$ pop$ "" }\r
+ { duplicate$ empty$\r
+ { swap$ "empty " swap$ * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }\r
+ { swap$ pop$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+% IEEE separates large numbers with more than 4 digits into groups of\r
+% three. IEEE uses a small space to separate these number groups. \r
+% Typical applications include patent and page numbers.\r
+\r
+% number of consecutive digits required to trigger the group separation.\r
+FUNCTION {large.number.trigger}{ #5 }\r
+\r
+% For numbers longer than the trigger, this is the blocksize of the groups.\r
+% The blocksize must be less than the trigger threshold, and 2 * blocksize\r
+% must be greater than the trigger threshold (can't do more than one\r
+% separation on the initial trigger).\r
+FUNCTION {large.number.blocksize}{ #3 }\r
+\r
+% What is actually inserted between the number groups.\r
+FUNCTION {large.number.separator}{ "\," }\r
+\r
+% So as to save on integer variables by reusing existing ones, numnames\r
+% holds the current number of consecutive digits read and nameptr holds\r
+% the number that will trigger an inserted space.\r
+FUNCTION {large.number.separate}\r
+{ 't :=\r
+ ""\r
+ #0 'numnames :=\r
+ large.number.trigger 'nameptr :=\r
+ { t empty$ not }\r
+ { t #-1 #1 substring$ is.num\r
+ { numnames #1 + 'numnames := }\r
+ { #0 'numnames := \r
+ large.number.trigger 'nameptr :=\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ t #-1 #1 substring$ swap$ *\r
+ t #-2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=\r
+ numnames nameptr =\r
+ { duplicate$ #1 nameptr large.number.blocksize - substring$ swap$\r
+ nameptr large.number.blocksize - #1 + global.max$ substring$\r
+ large.number.separator swap$ * *\r
+ nameptr large.number.blocksize - 'numnames :=\r
+ large.number.blocksize #1 + 'nameptr :=\r
+ }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ while$\r
+}\r
+\r
+% Converts all single dashes "-" to double dashes "--".\r
+FUNCTION {n.dashify}\r
+{ large.number.separate\r
+ 't :=\r
+ ""\r
+ { t empty$ not }\r
+ { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" =\r
+ { t #1 #2 substring$ "--" = not\r
+ { "--" *\r
+ t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=\r
+ }\r
+ { { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" = }\r
+ { "-" *\r
+ t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=\r
+ }\r
+ while$\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ { t #1 #1 substring$ *\r
+ t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ while$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+% This function detects entries with names that are identical to that of\r
+% the previous entry and replaces the repeated names with dashes (if the\r
+% "is.dash.repeated.names" user control is nonzero).\r
+FUNCTION {name.or.dash}\r
+{ 's :=\r
+ oldname empty$\r
+ { s 'oldname := s }\r
+ { s oldname =\r
+ { is.dash.repeated.names\r
+ { repeated.name.dashes }\r
+ { s 'oldname := s }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ { s 'oldname := s }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+% Converts the number string on the top of the stack to\r
+% "numerical ordinal form" (e.g., "7" to "7th"). There is\r
+% no artificial limit to the upper bound of the numbers as the\r
+% two least significant digits determine the ordinal form.\r
+FUNCTION {num.to.ordinal}\r
+{ duplicate$ #-2 #1 substring$ "1" =\r
+ { bbl.th * }\r
+ { duplicate$ #-1 #1 substring$ "1" =\r
+ { bbl.st * }\r
+ { duplicate$ #-1 #1 substring$ "2" =\r
+ { bbl.nd * }\r
+ { duplicate$ #-1 #1 substring$ "3" =\r
+ { bbl.rd * }\r
+ { bbl.th * }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+% If the string on the top of the stack begins with a number,\r
+% (e.g., 11th) then replace the string with the leading number\r
+% it contains. Otherwise retain the string as-is. s holds the\r
+% extracted number, t holds the part of the string that remains\r
+% to be scanned.\r
+FUNCTION {extract.num}\r
+{ duplicate$ 't :=\r
+ "" 's :=\r
+ { t empty$ not }\r
+ { t #1 #1 substring$\r
+ t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=\r
+ duplicate$ is.num\r
+ { s swap$ * 's := }\r
+ { pop$ "" 't := }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ while$\r
+ s empty$\r
+ 'skip$\r
+ { pop$ s }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+% Converts the word number string on the top of the stack to\r
+% Arabic string form. Will be successful up to "tenth".\r
+FUNCTION {word.to.num}\r
+{ duplicate$ "l" change.case$ 's :=\r
+ s "first" =\r
+ { pop$ "1" }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ s "second" =\r
+ { pop$ "2" }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ s "third" =\r
+ { pop$ "3" }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ s "fourth" =\r
+ { pop$ "4" }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ s "fifth" =\r
+ { pop$ "5" }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ s "sixth" =\r
+ { pop$ "6" }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ s "seventh" =\r
+ { pop$ "7" }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ s "eighth" =\r
+ { pop$ "8" }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ s "ninth" =\r
+ { pop$ "9" }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ s "tenth" =\r
+ { pop$ "10" }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+% Converts the string on the top of the stack to numerical\r
+% ordinal (e.g., "11th") form.\r
+FUNCTION {convert.edition}\r
+{ duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$\r
+ { duplicate$ #1 #1 substring$ is.num\r
+ { extract.num\r
+ num.to.ordinal\r
+ }\r
+ { word.to.num\r
+ duplicate$ #1 #1 substring$ is.num\r
+ { num.to.ordinal }\r
+ { "edition ordinal word " quote$ * edition * quote$ *\r
+ " may be too high (or improper) for conversion" * " in " * cite$ * warning$\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+%% LATEX BIBLIOGRAPHY CODE %%\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {start.entry}\r
+{ newline$\r
+ "\bibitem{" write$\r
+ cite$ write$\r
+ "}" write$\r
+ newline$\r
+ ""\r
+ initialize.prev.this.status\r
+}\r
+\r
+% Here we write out all the LaTeX code that we will need. The most involved\r
+% code sequences are those that control the alternate interword spacing and\r
+% foreign language hyphenation patterns. The heavy use of \providecommand\r
+% gives users a way to override the defaults. Special thanks to Javier Bezos,\r
+% Johannes Braams, Robin Fairbairns, Heiko Oberdiek, Donald Arseneau and all\r
+% the other gurus on comp.text.tex for their help and advice on the topic of\r
+% \selectlanguage, Babel and BibTeX.\r
+FUNCTION {begin.bib}\r
+{ "% Generated by IEEEtran.bst, version: " bst.file.version * " (" * bst.file.date * ")" *\r
+ write$ newline$\r
+ preamble$ empty$ 'skip$\r
+ { preamble$ write$ newline$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ "\begin{thebibliography}{" longest.label * "}" *\r
+ write$ newline$\r
+ "\providecommand{\url}[1]{#1}"\r
+ write$ newline$\r
+ "\csname url@samestyle\endcsname"\r
+ write$ newline$\r
+ "\providecommand{\newblock}{\relax}"\r
+ write$ newline$\r
+ "\providecommand{\bibinfo}[2]{#2}"\r
+ write$ newline$\r
+ "\providecommand{\BIBentrySTDinterwordspacing}{\spaceskip=0pt\relax}"\r
+ write$ newline$\r
+ "\providecommand{\BIBentryALTinterwordstretchfactor}{"\r
+ ALTinterwordstretchfactor * "}" *\r
+ write$ newline$\r
+ "\providecommand{\BIBentryALTinterwordspacing}{\spaceskip=\fontdimen2\font plus "\r
+ write$ newline$\r
+ "\BIBentryALTinterwordstretchfactor\fontdimen3\font minus \fontdimen4\font\relax}"\r
+ write$ newline$\r
+ "\providecommand{\BIBforeignlanguage}[2]{{%"\r
+ write$ newline$\r
+ "\expandafter\ifx\csname l@#1\endcsname\relax"\r
+ write$ newline$\r
+ "\typeout{** WARNING: IEEEtran.bst: No hyphenation pattern has been}%"\r
+ write$ newline$\r
+ "\typeout{** loaded for the language `#1'. Using the pattern for}%"\r
+ write$ newline$\r
+ "\typeout{** the default language instead.}%"\r
+ write$ newline$\r
+ "\else"\r
+ write$ newline$\r
+ "\language=\csname l@#1\endcsname"\r
+ write$ newline$\r
+ "\fi"\r
+ write$ newline$\r
+ "#2}}"\r
+ write$ newline$\r
+ "\providecommand{\BIBdecl}{\relax}"\r
+ write$ newline$\r
+ "\BIBdecl"\r
+ write$ newline$\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {end.bib}\r
+{ newline$ "\end{thebibliography}" write$ newline$ }\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {if.url.alt.interword.spacing}\r
+{ is.use.alt.interword.spacing \r
+ {url empty$ 'skip$ {"\BIBentryALTinterwordspacing" write$ newline$} if$}\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {if.url.std.interword.spacing}\r
+{ is.use.alt.interword.spacing \r
+ {url empty$ 'skip$ {"\BIBentrySTDinterwordspacing" write$ newline$} if$}\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+%% LONGEST LABEL PASS %%\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {initialize.longest.label}\r
+{ "" 'longest.label :=\r
+ #1 'number.label :=\r
+ #0 'longest.label.width :=\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {longest.label.pass}\r
+{ type$ "ieeetranbstctl" =\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ { number.label int.to.str$ 'label :=\r
+ number.label #1 + 'number.label :=\r
+ label width$ longest.label.width >\r
+ { label 'longest.label :=\r
+ label width$ 'longest.label.width :=\r
+ }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+%% FORMAT HANDLERS %%\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+\r
+%% Lower Level Formats (used by higher level formats)\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.address.org.or.pub.date}\r
+{ 't :=\r
+ ""\r
+ year empty$\r
+ { "empty year in " cite$ * warning$ }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ address empty$ t empty$ and\r
+ year empty$ and month empty$ and\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ { this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+ address "address" bibinfo.check *\r
+ t empty$\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ { punct.period 'prev.status.punct :=\r
+ space.large 'prev.status.space :=\r
+ address empty$\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ { ": " * }\r
+ if$\r
+ t *\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ year empty$ month empty$ and\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ { t empty$ address empty$ and\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ { ", " * }\r
+ if$\r
+ month empty$\r
+ { year empty$\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ { year "year" bibinfo.check * }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ { month "month" bibinfo.check *\r
+ year empty$\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ { " " * year "year" bibinfo.check * }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.names}\r
+{ 'bibinfo :=\r
+ duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$ {\r
+ this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ 's :=\r
+ "" 't :=\r
+ #1 'nameptr :=\r
+ s num.names$ 'numnames :=\r
+ numnames 'namesleft :=\r
+ { namesleft #0 > }\r
+ { s nameptr\r
+ name.format.string\r
+ format.name$\r
+ bibinfo bibinfo.check\r
+ 't :=\r
+ nameptr #1 >\r
+ { nameptr num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al #1 + =\r
+ numnames max.num.names.before.forced.et.al >\r
+ is.forced.et.al and and\r
+ { "others" 't :=\r
+ #1 'namesleft :=\r
+ }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ namesleft #1 >\r
+ { ", " * t do.name.latex.cmd * }\r
+ { s nameptr "{ll}" format.name$ duplicate$ "others" =\r
+ { 't := }\r
+ { pop$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ t "others" =\r
+ { " " * bbl.etal emphasize * }\r
+ { numnames #2 >\r
+ { "," * }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ bbl.and\r
+ space.word * t do.name.latex.cmd *\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ { t do.name.latex.cmd }\r
+ if$\r
+ nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=\r
+ namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=\r
+ }\r
+ while$\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+ } if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+%% Higher Level Formats\r
+\r
+%% addresses/locations\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.address}\r
+{ address duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$\r
+ { this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+%% author/editor names\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.authors}{ author "author" format.names }\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.editors}\r
+{ editor "editor" format.names duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$\r
+ { ", " *\r
+ get.bbl.editor\r
+ capitalize\r
+ *\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+%% date\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.date}\r
+{\r
+ month "month" bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$\r
+ year "year" bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$\r
+ { swap$ 'skip$\r
+ { this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+ "there's a month but no year in " cite$ * warning$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ *\r
+ }\r
+ { this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+ swap$ 'skip$\r
+ {\r
+ swap$\r
+ " " * swap$\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ *\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+% WARNING: This function was modified to adhere to the formatting rules\r
+% of MESH2013 conference for entries with both month and year specified.\r
+% It will not work properly otherwise.\r
+FUNCTION {format.date.electronic}\r
+{ year "year" bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$\r
+ month "month" bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$\r
+ { swap$ \r
+ { pop$ }\r
+ { "there's a month but no year in " cite$ * warning$\r
+ pop$ ")" * "(" swap$ *\r
+ this.to.prev.status\r
+ punct.no 'this.status.punct :=\r
+ space.normal 'this.status.space :=\r
+ quote.no 'this.status.quote :=\r
+ cap.yes 'status.cap :=\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ { swap$ \r
+ { swap$ pop$ ")" * "(" swap$ * }\r
+ { "[retrieved: " swap$ * ", " * swap$ * "]" * }\r
+ if$\r
+ this.to.prev.status\r
+ punct.no 'this.status.punct :=\r
+ space.normal 'this.status.space :=\r
+ quote.no 'this.status.quote :=\r
+ cap.yes 'status.cap :=\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+%% edition/title\r
+\r
+% Note: IEEE considers the edition to be closely associated with\r
+% the title of a book. So, in IEEEtran.bst the edition is normally handled \r
+% within the formatting of the title. The format.edition function is \r
+% retained here for possible future use.\r
+FUNCTION {format.edition}\r
+{ edition duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$\r
+ { this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ convert.edition\r
+ status.cap\r
+ { "t" }\r
+ { "l" }\r
+ if$ change.case$\r
+ "edition" bibinfo.check\r
+ "~" * bbl.edition *\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+% This is used to format the booktitle of a conference proceedings.\r
+% Here we use the "intype" field to provide the user a way to \r
+% override the word "in" (e.g., with things like "presented at")\r
+% Use of intype stops the emphasis of the booktitle to indicate that\r
+% we no longer mean the written conference proceedings, but the\r
+% conference itself.\r
+FUNCTION {format.in.booktitle}\r
+{ booktitle "booktitle" bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$\r
+ { this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ select.language\r
+ intype missing$\r
+ { emphasize\r
+ bbl.in " " *\r
+ }\r
+ { intype " " * }\r
+ if$\r
+ swap$ *\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+% This is used to format the booktitle of collection.\r
+% Here the "intype" field is not supported, but "edition" is.\r
+FUNCTION {format.in.booktitle.edition}\r
+{ booktitle "booktitle" bibinfo.check duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$\r
+ { this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ select.language\r
+ emphasize\r
+ edition empty$ 'skip$\r
+ { ", " *\r
+ edition\r
+ convert.edition\r
+ "l" change.case$\r
+ * "~" * bbl.edition *\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ bbl.in " " * swap$ *\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.article.title}\r
+{ title duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$\r
+ { this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ "t" change.case$\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ "title" bibinfo.check\r
+ duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$\r
+ { quote.close 'this.status.quote :=\r
+ is.last.char.not.punct\r
+ { punct.std 'this.status.punct := }\r
+ { punct.no 'this.status.punct := }\r
+ if$\r
+ select.language\r
+ "``" swap$ *\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.article.title.electronic}\r
+{ title duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$\r
+ { this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+ "t" change.case$ \r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ "title" bibinfo.check\r
+ duplicate$ empty$ \r
+ { skip$ } \r
+ { select.language }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.book.title.edition}\r
+{ title "title" bibinfo.check\r
+ duplicate$ empty$\r
+ { "empty title in " cite$ * warning$ }\r
+ { this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ select.language\r
+ emphasize\r
+ edition empty$ 'skip$\r
+ { ", " *\r
+ edition\r
+ convert.edition\r
+ status.cap\r
+ { "t" }\r
+ { "l" }\r
+ if$\r
+ change.case$\r
+ * "~" * bbl.edition *\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.book.title}\r
+{ title "title" bibinfo.check\r
+ duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$\r
+ { this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+ select.language\r
+ emphasize\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+%% journal\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.journal}\r
+{ journal duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$\r
+ { this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+ select.language\r
+ emphasize\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+%% how published\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.howpublished}\r
+{ howpublished duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$\r
+ { this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+%% institutions/organization/publishers/school\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.institution}\r
+{ institution duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$\r
+ { this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.organization}\r
+{ organization duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$\r
+ { this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.address.publisher.date}\r
+{ publisher "publisher" bibinfo.warn format.address.org.or.pub.date }\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.address.publisher.date.nowarn}\r
+{ publisher "publisher" bibinfo.check format.address.org.or.pub.date }\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.address.organization.date}\r
+{ organization "organization" bibinfo.check format.address.org.or.pub.date }\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.school}\r
+{ school duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$\r
+ { this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+%% volume/number/series/chapter/pages\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.volume}\r
+{ volume empty.field.to.null.string\r
+ duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$\r
+ { this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ bbl.volume \r
+ status.cap\r
+ { capitalize }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ swap$ tie.or.space.prefix\r
+ "volume" bibinfo.check\r
+ * *\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.number}\r
+{ number empty.field.to.null.string\r
+ duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$\r
+ { this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ status.cap\r
+ { bbl.number capitalize }\r
+ { bbl.number }\r
+ if$\r
+ swap$ tie.or.space.prefix\r
+ "number" bibinfo.check\r
+ * *\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.number.if.use.for.article}\r
+{ is.use.number.for.article \r
+ { format.number }\r
+ { "" }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+% IEEE does not seem to tie the series so closely with the volume\r
+% and number as is done in other bibliography styles. Instead the\r
+% series is treated somewhat like an extension of the title.\r
+FUNCTION {format.series}\r
+{ series empty$ \r
+ { "" }\r
+ { this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ bbl.series " " *\r
+ series "series" bibinfo.check *\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.chapter}\r
+{ chapter empty$\r
+ { "" }\r
+ { this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ type empty$\r
+ { bbl.chapter }\r
+ { type "l" change.case$\r
+ "type" bibinfo.check\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ chapter tie.or.space.prefix\r
+ "chapter" bibinfo.check\r
+ * *\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+% The intended use of format.paper is for paper numbers of inproceedings.\r
+% The paper type can be overridden via the type field.\r
+% We allow the type to be displayed even if the paper number is absent\r
+% for things like "postdeadline paper"\r
+FUNCTION {format.paper}\r
+{ is.use.paper\r
+ { paper empty$\r
+ { type empty$\r
+ { "" }\r
+ { this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ type "type" bibinfo.check\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ { this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ type empty$\r
+ { bbl.paper }\r
+ { type "type" bibinfo.check }\r
+ if$\r
+ " " * paper\r
+ "paper" bibinfo.check\r
+ *\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ { "" } \r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.pages}\r
+{ pages duplicate$ empty$ 'skip$\r
+ { this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ duplicate$ is.multiple.pages\r
+ {\r
+ bbl.pages swap$\r
+ n.dashify\r
+ }\r
+ {\r
+ bbl.page swap$\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ tie.or.space.prefix\r
+ "pages" bibinfo.check\r
+ * *\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+%% technical report number\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.tech.report.number}\r
+{ number "number" bibinfo.check\r
+ this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+ type duplicate$ empty$\r
+ { pop$ \r
+ bbl.techrep\r
+ }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ "type" bibinfo.check \r
+ swap$ duplicate$ empty$\r
+ { pop$ }\r
+ { tie.or.space.prefix * * }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+%% note\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.note}\r
+{ note empty$\r
+ { "" }\r
+ { this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ punct.period 'this.status.punct :=\r
+ note #1 #1 substring$\r
+ duplicate$ "{" =\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ { status.cap\r
+ { "u" }\r
+ { "l" }\r
+ if$\r
+ change.case$\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ note #2 global.max$ substring$ * "note" bibinfo.check\r
+ cap.yes 'status.cap :=\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+%% patent\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.patent.date}\r
+{ this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ year empty$\r
+ { monthfiled duplicate$ empty$\r
+ { "monthfiled" bibinfo.check pop$ "" }\r
+ { "monthfiled" bibinfo.check }\r
+ if$\r
+ dayfiled duplicate$ empty$\r
+ { "dayfiled" bibinfo.check pop$ "" * }\r
+ { "dayfiled" bibinfo.check \r
+ monthfiled empty$ \r
+ { "dayfiled without a monthfiled in " cite$ * warning$\r
+ * \r
+ }\r
+ { " " swap$ * * }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ yearfiled empty$\r
+ { "no year or yearfiled in " cite$ * warning$ }\r
+ { yearfiled "yearfiled" bibinfo.check \r
+ swap$\r
+ duplicate$ empty$\r
+ { pop$ }\r
+ { ", " * swap$ * }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ { month duplicate$ empty$\r
+ { "month" bibinfo.check pop$ "" }\r
+ { "month" bibinfo.check }\r
+ if$\r
+ day duplicate$ empty$\r
+ { "day" bibinfo.check pop$ "" * }\r
+ { "day" bibinfo.check \r
+ month empty$ \r
+ { "day without a month in " cite$ * warning$\r
+ * \r
+ }\r
+ { " " swap$ * * }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ year "year" bibinfo.check \r
+ swap$\r
+ duplicate$ empty$\r
+ { pop$ }\r
+ { ", " * swap$ * }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.patent.nationality.type.number}\r
+{ this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ nationality duplicate$ empty$\r
+ { "nationality" bibinfo.warn pop$ "" }\r
+ { "nationality" bibinfo.check\r
+ duplicate$ "l" change.case$ "united states" =\r
+ { pop$ bbl.patentUS }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ " " *\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ type empty$\r
+ { bbl.patent "type" bibinfo.check }\r
+ { type "type" bibinfo.check }\r
+ if$ \r
+ *\r
+ number duplicate$ empty$\r
+ { "number" bibinfo.warn pop$ }\r
+ { "number" bibinfo.check\r
+ large.number.separate\r
+ swap$ " " * swap$ *\r
+ }\r
+ if$ \r
+ cap.status.std\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+%% standard\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.organization.institution.standard.type.number}\r
+{ this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ organization duplicate$ empty$\r
+ { pop$ \r
+ institution duplicate$ empty$\r
+ { "institution" bibinfo.warn }\r
+ { "institution" bibinfo.warn " " * }\r
+ if$\r
+ }\r
+ { "organization" bibinfo.warn " " * }\r
+ if$\r
+ type empty$\r
+ { bbl.standard "type" bibinfo.check }\r
+ { type "type" bibinfo.check }\r
+ if$ \r
+ *\r
+ number duplicate$ empty$\r
+ { "number" bibinfo.check pop$ }\r
+ { "number" bibinfo.check\r
+ large.number.separate\r
+ swap$ " " * swap$ *\r
+ }\r
+ if$ \r
+ cap.status.std\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.revision}\r
+{ revision empty$\r
+ { "" }\r
+ { this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ bbl.revision\r
+ revision tie.or.space.prefix\r
+ "revision" bibinfo.check\r
+ * *\r
+ cap.status.std\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+%% thesis\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.master.thesis.type}\r
+{ this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ type empty$\r
+ {\r
+ bbl.mthesis\r
+ }\r
+ { \r
+ type "type" bibinfo.check\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+cap.status.std\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.phd.thesis.type}\r
+{ this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ type empty$\r
+ {\r
+ bbl.phdthesis\r
+ }\r
+ { \r
+ type "type" bibinfo.check\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+cap.status.std\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+%% URL\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {format.url}\r
+{ url empty$\r
+ { "" }\r
+ { this.to.prev.status\r
+ this.status.std\r
+ cap.yes 'status.cap :=\r
+ name.url.prefix " " *\r
+ "\url{" * url * "}" *\r
+ punct.no 'this.status.punct :=\r
+ punct.period 'prev.status.punct :=\r
+ space.normal 'this.status.space :=\r
+ space.normal 'prev.status.space :=\r
+ quote.no 'this.status.quote :=\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+%% ENTRY HANDLERS %%\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+\r
+\r
+% Note: In many journals, IEEE (or the authors) tend not to show the number\r
+% for articles, so the display of the number is controlled here by the\r
+% switch "is.use.number.for.article"\r
+FUNCTION {article}\r
+{ std.status.using.comma\r
+ start.entry\r
+ if.url.alt.interword.spacing\r
+ format.authors "author" output.warn\r
+ name.or.dash\r
+ format.article.title "title" output.warn\r
+ format.journal "journal" bibinfo.check "journal" output.warn\r
+ format.volume output\r
+ format.number.if.use.for.article output\r
+ format.date "year" output.warn\r
+ format.pages output\r
+ format.note output\r
+ format.url output\r
+ fin.entry\r
+ if.url.std.interword.spacing\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {book}\r
+{ std.status.using.comma\r
+ start.entry\r
+ if.url.alt.interword.spacing\r
+ author empty$\r
+ { format.editors "author and editor" output.warn }\r
+ { format.authors output.nonnull }\r
+ if$\r
+ name.or.dash\r
+ format.book.title.edition output\r
+ format.series output\r
+ author empty$\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ { format.editors output }\r
+ if$\r
+ format.address.publisher.date output\r
+ format.volume output\r
+ format.number output\r
+ format.note output\r
+ format.url output\r
+ fin.entry\r
+ if.url.std.interword.spacing\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {booklet}\r
+{ std.status.using.comma\r
+ start.entry\r
+ if.url.alt.interword.spacing\r
+ format.authors output\r
+ name.or.dash\r
+ format.article.title "title" output.warn\r
+ format.howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output\r
+ format.organization "organization" bibinfo.check output\r
+ format.address "address" bibinfo.check output\r
+ format.date output\r
+ format.note output\r
+ format.url output\r
+ fin.entry\r
+ if.url.std.interword.spacing\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {electronic}\r
+{ std.status.using.period\r
+ start.entry\r
+ if.url.alt.interword.spacing\r
+ format.authors output\r
+ name.or.dash\r
+ format.article.title.electronic output\r
+ format.howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output\r
+ format.organization "organization" bibinfo.check output\r
+ format.address "address" bibinfo.check output\r
+ format.note output\r
+ format.url output\r
+ format.date.electronic output\r
+ fin.entry\r
+ empty.entry.warn\r
+ if.url.std.interword.spacing\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {inbook}\r
+{ std.status.using.comma\r
+ start.entry\r
+ if.url.alt.interword.spacing\r
+ author empty$\r
+ { format.editors "author and editor" output.warn }\r
+ { format.authors output.nonnull }\r
+ if$\r
+ name.or.dash\r
+ format.book.title.edition output\r
+ format.series output\r
+ format.address.publisher.date output\r
+ format.volume output\r
+ format.number output\r
+ format.chapter output\r
+ format.pages output\r
+ format.note output\r
+ format.url output\r
+ fin.entry\r
+ if.url.std.interword.spacing\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {incollection}\r
+{ std.status.using.comma\r
+ start.entry\r
+ if.url.alt.interword.spacing\r
+ format.authors "author" output.warn\r
+ name.or.dash\r
+ format.article.title "title" output.warn\r
+ format.in.booktitle.edition "booktitle" output.warn\r
+ format.series output\r
+ format.editors output\r
+ format.address.publisher.date.nowarn output\r
+ format.volume output\r
+ format.number output\r
+ format.chapter output\r
+ format.pages output\r
+ format.note output\r
+ format.url output\r
+ fin.entry\r
+ if.url.std.interword.spacing\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {inproceedings}\r
+{ std.status.using.comma\r
+ start.entry\r
+ if.url.alt.interword.spacing\r
+ format.authors "author" output.warn\r
+ name.or.dash\r
+ format.article.title "title" output.warn\r
+ format.in.booktitle "booktitle" output.warn\r
+ format.series output\r
+ format.editors output\r
+ format.volume output\r
+ format.number output\r
+ publisher empty$\r
+ { format.address.organization.date output }\r
+ { format.organization "organization" bibinfo.check output\r
+ format.address.publisher.date output\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ format.paper output\r
+ format.pages output\r
+ format.note output\r
+ format.url output\r
+ fin.entry\r
+ if.url.std.interword.spacing\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {manual}\r
+{ std.status.using.comma\r
+ start.entry\r
+ if.url.alt.interword.spacing\r
+ format.authors output\r
+ name.or.dash\r
+ format.book.title.edition "title" output.warn\r
+ format.howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output \r
+ format.organization "organization" bibinfo.check output\r
+ format.address "address" bibinfo.check output\r
+ format.date output\r
+ format.note output\r
+ format.url output\r
+ fin.entry\r
+ if.url.std.interword.spacing\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {mastersthesis}\r
+{ std.status.using.comma\r
+ start.entry\r
+ if.url.alt.interword.spacing\r
+ format.authors "author" output.warn\r
+ name.or.dash\r
+ format.article.title "title" output.warn\r
+ format.master.thesis.type output.nonnull\r
+ format.school "school" bibinfo.warn output\r
+ format.address "address" bibinfo.check output\r
+ format.date "year" output.warn\r
+ format.note output\r
+ format.url output\r
+ fin.entry\r
+ if.url.std.interword.spacing\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {misc}\r
+{ std.status.using.comma\r
+ start.entry\r
+ if.url.alt.interword.spacing\r
+ format.authors output\r
+ name.or.dash\r
+ format.article.title output\r
+ format.howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output \r
+ format.organization "organization" bibinfo.check output\r
+ format.address "address" bibinfo.check output\r
+ format.pages output\r
+ format.date output\r
+ format.note output\r
+ format.url output\r
+ fin.entry\r
+ empty.entry.warn\r
+ if.url.std.interword.spacing\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {patent}\r
+{ std.status.using.comma\r
+ start.entry\r
+ if.url.alt.interword.spacing\r
+ format.authors output\r
+ name.or.dash\r
+ format.article.title output\r
+ format.patent.nationality.type.number output\r
+ format.patent.date output\r
+ format.note output\r
+ format.url output\r
+ fin.entry\r
+ empty.entry.warn\r
+ if.url.std.interword.spacing\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {periodical}\r
+{ std.status.using.comma\r
+ start.entry\r
+ if.url.alt.interword.spacing\r
+ format.editors output\r
+ name.or.dash\r
+ format.book.title "title" output.warn\r
+ format.series output\r
+ format.volume output\r
+ format.number output\r
+ format.organization "organization" bibinfo.check output\r
+ format.date "year" output.warn\r
+ format.note output\r
+ format.url output\r
+ fin.entry\r
+ if.url.std.interword.spacing\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {phdthesis}\r
+{ std.status.using.comma\r
+ start.entry\r
+ if.url.alt.interword.spacing\r
+ format.authors "author" output.warn\r
+ name.or.dash\r
+ format.article.title "title" output.warn\r
+ format.phd.thesis.type output.nonnull\r
+ format.school "school" bibinfo.warn output\r
+ format.address "address" bibinfo.check output\r
+ format.date "year" output.warn\r
+ format.note output\r
+ format.url output\r
+ fin.entry\r
+ if.url.std.interword.spacing\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {proceedings}\r
+{ std.status.using.comma\r
+ start.entry\r
+ if.url.alt.interword.spacing\r
+ format.editors output\r
+ name.or.dash\r
+ format.book.title "title" output.warn\r
+ format.series output\r
+ format.volume output\r
+ format.number output\r
+ publisher empty$\r
+ { format.address.organization.date output }\r
+ { format.organization "organization" bibinfo.check output\r
+ format.address.publisher.date output\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ format.note output\r
+ format.url output\r
+ fin.entry\r
+ if.url.std.interword.spacing\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {standard}\r
+{ std.status.using.comma\r
+ start.entry\r
+ if.url.alt.interword.spacing\r
+ format.authors output\r
+ name.or.dash\r
+ format.book.title "title" output.warn\r
+ format.howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output \r
+ format.organization.institution.standard.type.number output\r
+ format.revision output\r
+ format.date output\r
+ format.note output\r
+ format.url output\r
+ fin.entry\r
+ if.url.std.interword.spacing\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {techreport}\r
+{ std.status.using.comma\r
+ start.entry\r
+ if.url.alt.interword.spacing\r
+ format.authors "author" output.warn\r
+ name.or.dash\r
+ format.article.title "title" output.warn\r
+ format.howpublished "howpublished" bibinfo.check output \r
+ format.institution "institution" bibinfo.warn output\r
+ format.address "address" bibinfo.check output\r
+ format.tech.report.number output.nonnull\r
+ format.date "year" output.warn\r
+ format.note output\r
+ format.url output\r
+ fin.entry\r
+ if.url.std.interword.spacing\r
+}\r
+\r
+FUNCTION {unpublished}\r
+{ std.status.using.comma\r
+ start.entry\r
+ if.url.alt.interword.spacing\r
+ format.authors "author" output.warn\r
+ name.or.dash\r
+ format.article.title "title" output.warn\r
+ format.date output\r
+ format.note "note" output.warn\r
+ format.url output\r
+ fin.entry\r
+ if.url.std.interword.spacing\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+% The special entry type which provides the user interface to the\r
+% BST controls\r
+FUNCTION {IEEEtranBSTCTL}\r
+{ is.print.banners.to.terminal\r
+ { "** IEEEtran BST control entry " quote$ * cite$ * quote$ * " detected." *\r
+ top$\r
+ }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+ CTLuse_article_number\r
+ empty$\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ { CTLuse_article_number\r
+ yes.no.to.int\r
+ 'is.use.number.for.article :=\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ CTLuse_paper\r
+ empty$\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ { CTLuse_paper\r
+ yes.no.to.int\r
+ 'is.use.paper :=\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ CTLuse_forced_etal\r
+ empty$\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ { CTLuse_forced_etal\r
+ yes.no.to.int\r
+ 'is.forced.et.al :=\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ CTLmax_names_forced_etal\r
+ empty$\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ { CTLmax_names_forced_etal\r
+ string.to.integer\r
+ 'max.num.names.before.forced.et.al :=\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ CTLnames_show_etal\r
+ empty$\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ { CTLnames_show_etal\r
+ string.to.integer\r
+ 'num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al :=\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ CTLuse_alt_spacing\r
+ empty$\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ { CTLuse_alt_spacing\r
+ yes.no.to.int\r
+ 'is.use.alt.interword.spacing :=\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ CTLalt_stretch_factor\r
+ empty$\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ { CTLalt_stretch_factor\r
+ 'ALTinterwordstretchfactor :=\r
+ "\renewcommand{\BIBentryALTinterwordstretchfactor}{"\r
+ ALTinterwordstretchfactor * "}" *\r
+ write$ newline$\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ CTLdash_repeated_names\r
+ empty$\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ { CTLdash_repeated_names\r
+ yes.no.to.int\r
+ 'is.dash.repeated.names :=\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ CTLname_format_string\r
+ empty$\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ { CTLname_format_string\r
+ 'name.format.string :=\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ CTLname_latex_cmd\r
+ empty$\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ { CTLname_latex_cmd\r
+ 'name.latex.cmd :=\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+ CTLname_url_prefix\r
+ missing$\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ { CTLname_url_prefix\r
+ 'name.url.prefix :=\r
+ }\r
+ if$\r
+\r
+\r
+ num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al max.num.names.before.forced.et.al >\r
+ { "CTLnames_show_etal cannot be greater than CTLmax_names_forced_etal in " cite$ * warning$ \r
+ max.num.names.before.forced.et.al 'num.names.shown.with.forced.et.al :=\r
+ }\r
+ { skip$ }\r
+ if$\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+%% ENTRY ALIASES %%\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+FUNCTION {conference}{inproceedings}\r
+FUNCTION {online}{electronic}\r
+FUNCTION {internet}{electronic}\r
+FUNCTION {webpage}{electronic}\r
+FUNCTION {www}{electronic}\r
+FUNCTION {default.type}{misc}\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+%% MAIN PROGRAM %%\r
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
+\r
+READ\r
+\r
+EXECUTE {initialize.controls}\r
+EXECUTE {initialize.status.constants}\r
+EXECUTE {banner.message}\r
+\r
+EXECUTE {initialize.longest.label}\r
+ITERATE {longest.label.pass}\r
+\r
+EXECUTE {begin.bib}\r
+ITERATE {call.type$}\r
+EXECUTE {end.bib}\r
+\r
+EXECUTE{completed.message}\r
+\r
+\r
+%% That's all folks, mds.\r
+\r
