Most of the numerical methods that deal with the polynomial root-finding problem are simultaneous methods, \textit{i.e.} the iterative methods to find simultaneous approximations of the $n$ polynomial roots. These methods start from the initial approximations of all $n$ polynomial roots and give a sequence of approximations that converge to the roots of the polynomial. Two examples of well-known simultaneous methods for root-finding problem of polynomials are Durand-Kerner method~\cite{Durand60,Kerner66} and Ehrlich-Aberth method~\cite{Ehrlich67,Aberth73}.
-The convergence time of simultaneous methods drastically increases with the increasing of the polynomial's degree. The great challenge with simultaneous methods is to parallelize them and to improve their convergence. Many authors have proposed parallel simultaneous methods~\cite{Freeman89,Loizou83,Freemanall90,cs01:nj,Couturier02}, using several paradigms of parallelization (synchronous or asynchronous computations, mechanism of shared or distributed memory, etc). However, they have treated only polynomials not exceeding degrees of 20,000.
+The convergence time of simultaneous methods drastically increases with the increasing of the polynomial's degree. The great challenge with simultaneous methods is to parallelize them and to improve their convergence. Many authors have proposed parallel simultaneous methods~\cite{Freeman89,Loizou83,Freemanall90,bini96,cs01:nj,Couturier02}, using several paradigms of parallelization (synchronous or asynchronous computations, mechanism of shared or distributed memory, etc). However, they have treated only polynomials not exceeding degrees of 20,000.
%The main problem of the simultaneous methods is that the necessary
%time needed for the convergence increases with the increasing of the
multiplications and divisions with additions and
subtractions. Consequently, computations manipulate lower values in
absolute values~\cite{Karimall98}. In practice, the exponential and
-logarithm mode is used a root excepts the circle unit, \LZK{Je n'ai pas compris cette phrase!} represented by the radius $R$ evaluated in C language as :
+logarithm mode is used when a root is outisde the circle unit represented by the radius $R$ evaluated in C language with:
\begin{equation}
\label{R.EL}
R = exp(log(DBL\_MAX)/(2*n) );
\end{equation}
-where \verb=DBL_MAX= stands for the maximum representable \verb=double= value.
+where \verb=DBL_MAX= stands for the maximum representable
+\verb=double= value and $n$ is the degree of the polynimal.
\subsection{The Ehrlich-Aberth parallel implementation on CUDA}
the normal mode of the EA method but also with the
logarithm-exponential one. Then the error is computed with a final
kernel (line 7). Finally when the EA method has converged, the roots
-are transferred from the GPU to the CPU.%\LZK{Quand est ce qu'on utilise un normal mode ou logarithm-exponential mode?}
+are transferred from the GPU to the CPU.
\begin{algorithm}[htpb]
\label{alg1-cuda}
\subsection{A MPI-CUDA approach}
-
Our parallel implementation of EA to find roots of polynomials using a
CUDA-MPI approach follows a similar approach to the one used in
CUDA-OpenMP. Each process is responsible to compute its own part of
