X-Git-Url: https://bilbo.iut-bm.univ-fcomte.fr/and/gitweb/loba-papers.git/blobdiff_plain/6a2c40b9574f7d9550ccfff4a3def72d19c59f7c..489cb553d50ebc655d7bb377a73ec6799b4353e3:/loba-besteffort/loba-besteffort.tex diff --git a/loba-besteffort/loba-besteffort.tex b/loba-besteffort/loba-besteffort.tex index fd62857..b53ffec 100644 --- a/loba-besteffort/loba-besteffort.tex +++ b/loba-besteffort/loba-besteffort.tex @@ -1,72 +1,82 @@ -\documentclass[smallextended]{svjour3} +\documentclass[preprint]{elsarticle} + \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} -\usepackage{mathptmx} + +\usepackage{newtxtext} +\usepackage[cmintegrals]{newtxmath} +%\usepackage{mathptmx,helvet,courier} + \usepackage{amsmath} -\usepackage{courier} \usepackage{graphicx} \usepackage{url} \usepackage[ruled,lined]{algorithm2e} -\newcommand{\abs}[1]{\lvert#1\rvert} % \abs{x} -> |x| - -\newenvironment{algodata}{% - \begin{tabular}[t]{@{}l@{:~}l@{}}}{% - \end{tabular}} - +%%% Remove this before submission \newcommand{\FIXMEmargin}[1]{% \marginpar{\textbf{[FIXME]} {\footnotesize #1}}} \newcommand{\FIXME}[2][]{% \ifx #2\relax\relax \FIXMEmargin{#1}% \else \textbf{$\triangleright$\FIXMEmargin{#1}~#2}\fi} +\newcommand{\abs}[1]{\lvert#1\rvert} % \abs{x} -> |x| + +\newenvironment{algodata}{% + \begin{tabular}[t]{@{}l@{:~}l@{}}}{% + \end{tabular}} + \newcommand{\VAR}[1]{\textit{#1}} \begin{document} -\title{Best effort strategy and virtual load - for asynchronous iterative load balancing} +\begin{frontmatter} -\author{Raphaël Couturier \and - Arnaud Giersch -} +\journal{Parallel Computing} -\institute{R. Couturier \and A. Giersch \at - FEMTO-ST, University of Franche-Comté, Belfort, France \\ - % Tel.: +123-45-678910\\ - % Fax: +123-45-678910\\ - \email{% - raphael.couturier@femto-st.fr, - arnaud.giersch@femto-st.fr} -} +\title{Best effort strategy and virtual load for\\ + asynchronous iterative load balancing} -\maketitle +\author{Raphaël Couturier} +\ead{raphael.couturier@femto-st.fr} +\author{Arnaud Giersch\corref{cor}} +\ead{arnaud.giersch@femto-st.fr} -\begin{abstract} - -Most of the time, asynchronous load balancing algorithms have extensively been -studied in a theoretical point of view. The Bertsekas and Tsitsiklis' -algorithm~\cite[section~7.4]{bertsekas+tsitsiklis.1997.parallel} -is certainly the most well known algorithm for which the convergence proof is -given. From a practical point of view, when a node wants to balance a part of -its load to some of its neighbors, the strategy is not described. In this -paper, we propose a strategy called \emph{best effort} which tries to balance -the load of a node to all its less loaded neighbors while ensuring that all the -nodes concerned by the load balancing phase have the same amount of load. -Moreover, asynchronous iterative algorithms in which an asynchronous load -balancing algorithm is implemented most of the time can dissociate messages -concerning load transfers and message concerning load information. In order to -increase the converge of a load balancing algorithm, we propose a simple -heuristic called \emph{virtual load} which allows a node that receives a load -information message to integrate the load that it will receive later in its -load (virtually) and consequently sends a (real) part of its load to some of its -neighbors. In order to validate our approaches, we have defined a simulator -based on SimGrid which allowed us to conduct many experiments. +\address{FEMTO-ST, University of Franche-Comté\\ + 19 avenue de Maréchal Juin, BP 527, 90016 Belfort cedex , France\\ + % Tel.: +123-45-678910\\ + % Fax: +123-45-678910\\ +} +\cortext[cor]{Corresponding author.} +\begin{abstract} + Most of the time, asynchronous load balancing algorithms have extensively been + studied in a theoretical point of view. The Bertsekas and Tsitsiklis' + algorithm~\cite[section~7.4]{bertsekas+tsitsiklis.1997.parallel} is certainly + the most well known algorithm for which the convergence proof is given. From a + practical point of view, when a node wants to balance a part of its load to + some of its neighbors, the strategy is not described. In this paper, we + propose a strategy called \emph{best effort} which tries to balance the load + of a node to all its less loaded neighbors while ensuring that all the nodes + concerned by the load balancing phase have the same amount of load. Moreover, + asynchronous iterative algorithms in which an asynchronous load balancing + algorithm is implemented most of the time can dissociate messages concerning + load transfers and message concerning load information. In order to increase + the converge of a load balancing algorithm, we propose a simple heuristic + called \emph{virtual load} which allows a node that receives a load + information message to integrate the load that it will receive later in its + load (virtually) and consequently sends a (real) part of its load to some of + its neighbors. In order to validate our approaches, we have defined a + simulator based on SimGrid which allowed us to conduct many experiments. \end{abstract} +% \begin{keywords} +% %% keywords here, in the form: keyword \sep keyword +% \end{keywords} + +\end{frontmatter} + \section{Introduction} Load balancing algorithms are extensively used in parallel and distributed @@ -299,7 +309,7 @@ neighbor. \section{Virtual load} \label{Virtual load} -In this section, we present the concept of \texttt{virtual load}. In order to +In this section, we present the concept of \emph{virtual load}. In order to use this concept, load balancing messages must be sent using two different kinds of messages: load information messages and load balancing messages. More precisely, a node wanting to send a part of its load to one of its neighbors, @@ -309,7 +319,7 @@ Load information message are really short, consequently they will be received very quickly. In opposition, load balancing messages are often bigger and thus require more time to be transferred. -The concept of \texttt{virtual load} allows a node that received a load +The concept of \emph{virtual load} allows a node that received a load information message to integrate the load that it will receive later in its load (virtually) and consequently send a (real) part of its load to some of its neighbors. In fact, a node that receives a load information message knows that @@ -785,14 +795,14 @@ On constate quoi (vérifier avec les chiffres)? \FIXME{conclude!} -\begin{acknowledgements} - Computations have been performed on the supercomputer facilities of - the Mésocentre de calcul de Franche-Comté. -\end{acknowledgements} +\section*{Acknowledgements} -\FIXME{find and add more references} -\bibliographystyle{spmpsci} +Computations have been performed on the supercomputer facilities of the +Mésocentre de calcul de Franche-Comté. + +\bibliographystyle{elsarticle-num} \bibliography{biblio} +\FIXME{find and add more references} \end{document}