X-Git-Url: https://bilbo.iut-bm.univ-fcomte.fr/and/gitweb/loba-papers.git/blobdiff_plain/c8b7a837b49a20dcbce655c5c891aea3f25542f5..f622eef95fe3973773527fa3260b7563a498ec60:/supercomp11/supercomp11.tex

diff --git a/supercomp11/supercomp11.tex b/supercomp11/supercomp11.tex
index 49477d7..db3e809 100644
--- a/supercomp11/supercomp11.tex
+++ b/supercomp11/supercomp11.tex
@@ -29,12 +29,12 @@
 }
 
 \institute{R. Couturier \and A. Giersch \at
-              LIFC, University of Franche-ComtÃ©, Belfort, France \\
+              FEMTO-ST, University of Franche-ComtÃ©, Belfort, France \\
               % Tel.: +123-45-678910\\
               % Fax: +123-45-678910\\
               \email{%
-                raphael.couturier@univ-fcomte.fr,
-                arnaud.giersch@univ-fcomte.fr}
+                raphael.couturier@femto-st.fr,
+                arnaud.giersch@femto-st.fr}
 }
 
 \maketitle
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ he proceeds as following.
 \section{Other strategies}
 \label{Other}
 
-\FIXME{RÃ©Ã©crire en angliche.}
+\FIXME{RÃ©Ã©crire en anglais.}
 
 % \FIXME{faut-il dÃ©crire les stratÃ©gies makhoul et simple ?}
 
@@ -489,33 +489,53 @@ To summarize the different load balancing strategies, we have:
 %
 This gives us as many as $4\times 2\times 2 = 16$ different strategies.
 
+\paragraph{End of the simulation}
 
-\paragraph{Configurations}
+The simulations were run until the load was nearly balanced among the
+participating nodes.  More precisely the simulation stops when each node holds
+an amount of load at less than 1\% of the load average, during an arbitrary
+number of computing iterations (2000 in our case).
+
+Note that this convergence detection was implemented in a centralized manner.
+This is easy to do within the simulator, but it's obviously not realistic.  In a
+real application we would have chosen a decentralized convergence detection
+algorithm, like the one described in \cite{10.1109/TPDS.2005.2}.
+
+\paragraph{Platforms}
 
 In order to show the behavior of the different strategies in different
 settings, we simulated the executions on two sorts of platforms.  These two
 sorts of platforms differ by their underlaid network topology.  On the one hand,
 we have homogeneous platforms, modeled as a cluster.  On the other hand, we have
 heterogeneous platforms, modeled as the interconnection of a number of clusters.
+
+The clusters were modeled by a fixed number of computing nodes interconnected
+through a backbone link.  Each computing node has a computing power of
+1~GFlop/s, and is connected to the backbone by a network link whose bandwidth is
+of 125~MB/s, with a latency of 50~$\mu$s.  The backbone has a network bandwidth
+of 2.25~GB/s, with a latency of 500~$\mu$s.
+
 The heterogeneous platform descriptions were created by taking a subset of the
 Grid'5000 infrastructure\footnote{Grid'5000 is a French large scale experimental
   Grid (see \url{https://www.grid5000.fr/}).}, as described in the platform file
 \texttt{g5k.xml} distributed with SimGrid.  Note that the heterogeneity of the
-platform only comes from the network topology.  The processor speeds, and
-network bandwidths were normalized since our algorithms currently are not aware
-of such heterogeneity.  We arbitrarily chose to fix the processor speed to
-1~GFlop/s, and the network bandwidth to 125~MB/s, with a latency of 50~$\mu$s,
-except for the links between geographically distant sites, where the network
-bandwidth was fixed to 2.25~GB/s, with a latency of 500~$\mu$s.
+platform here only comes from the network topology.  Indeed, since our
+algorithms currently do not handle heterogeneous computing resources, the
+processor speeds were normalized, and we arbitrarily chose to fix them to
+1~GFlop/s.
 
 Then we derived each sort of platform with four different number of computing
 nodes: 16, 64, 256, and 1024 nodes.
 
+\paragraph{Configurations}
+
 The distributed processes of the application were then logically organized along
 three possible topologies: a line, a torus or an hypercube.  We ran tests where
 the total load was initially on an only node (at one end for the line topology),
-and other tests where the load was initially randomly distributed across all
-the participating nodes.
+and other tests where the load was initially randomly distributed across all the
+participating nodes.  The total amount of load was fixed to a number of load
+units equal to 1000 times the number of node.  The average load is then of 1000
+load units.
 
 For each of the preceding configuration, we finally had to choose the
 computation and communication costs of a load unit.  We chose them, such as to
@@ -552,13 +572,45 @@ time.
 
 \paragraph{Metrics}
 
+In order to evaluate and compare the different load balancing strategies we had
+to define several metrics.  Our goal, when choosing these metrics, was to have
+something tending to a constant value, i.e. to have a measure which is not
+changing anymore once the convergence state is reached.  Moreover, we wanted to
+have some normalized value, in order to be able to compare them across different
+settings.
+
+With these constraints in mind, we defined the following metrics:
+%
 \begin{description}
-\item[\textbf{average idle time}]
-\item[\textbf{average convergence date}]
-\item[\textbf{maximum convergence date}]
-\item[\textbf{data transfer amount}] relative to the total data amount
+\item[\textbf{average idle time:}] that's the total time spent, when the nodes
+  don't hold any share of load, and thus have nothing to compute.  This total
+  time is divided by the number of participating nodes, such as to have a number
+  that can be compared between simulations of different sizes.
+
+  This metric is expected to give an idea of the ability of the strategy to
+  diffuse the load quickly.  A smaller value is better.
+
+\item[\textbf{average convergence date:}] that's the average of the dates when
+  all nodes reached the convergence state.  The dates are measured as a number
+  of (simulated) seconds since the beginning of the simulation.
+
+\item[\textbf{maximum convergence date:}] that's the date when the last node
+  reached the convergence state.
+
+  These two dates give an idea of the time needed by the strategy to reach the
+  equilibrium state.  A smaller value is better.
+
+\item[\textbf{data transfer amount:}] that's the sum of the amount of all data
+  transfers during the simulation.  This sum is then normalized by dividing it
+  by the total amount of data present in the system.
+
+  This metric is expected to give an idea of the efficiency of the strategy in
+  terms of data movements, i.e. its ability to reach the equilibrium with fewer
+  transfers.  Again, a smaller value is better.
+
 \end{description}
 
+
 \subsection{Validation of our approaches}
 \label{Results}
 
@@ -611,4 +663,4 @@ Taille : 10 100 trÃ¨s gros
 
 % LocalWords:  RaphaÃ«l Couturier Arnaud Giersch Abderrahmane Sider Franche ij
 % LocalWords:  Bertsekas Tsitsiklis SimGrid DASUD ComtÃ© BÃ©jaÃ¯a asynchronism ji
-% LocalWords:  ik isend irecv CortÃ©s et al chan ctrl fifo Makhoul
+% LocalWords:  ik isend irecv CortÃ©s et al chan ctrl fifo Makhoul GFlop xml
