+%%
+%% This is file `elsarticle.cls',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% elsarticle.dtx (with options: `class')
+%%
+%% Copyright 2007, 2008, 2009 Elsevier Ltd
+%%
+%% This file is part of the 'Elsarticle Bundle'.
+%% -------------------------------------------
+%%
+%% It may be distributed under the conditions of the LaTeX Project Public
+%% License, either version 1.2 of this license or (at your option) any
+%% later version. The latest version of this license is in
+%% http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
+%% and version 1.2 or later is part of all distributions of LaTeX
+%% version 1999/12/01 or later.
+%%
+%% The list of all files belonging to the 'Elsarticle Bundle' is
+%% given in the file `manifest.txt'.
+%%
+%%
+%% $Id: elsarticle.dtx 19 2009-12-17 07:07:52Z rishi $
+%%
+ \def\RCSfile{elsarticle}%
+ \def\RCSversion{1.20b}%
+ \def\RCSdate{2009/09/17}%
+ \def\@shortjnl{\relax}
+ \def\@journal{Elsevier Ltd} \def\@company{Elsevier Ltd}
+ \def\@issn{000-0000}
+ \def\@shortjid{elsarticle}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
+\ProvidesClass{\@shortjid}[\RCSdate, \RCSversion: \@journal]
+\def\ABD{\AtBeginDocument}
+\newif\ifpreprint \preprintfalse
+\newif\iflongmktitle \longmktitlefalse
+
+\def\@blstr{1}
+\newdimen\@bls
+\@bls=\baselineskip
+
+\def\@finalWarning{%
+ *****************************************************\MessageBreak
+ This document is typeset in the CRC style which\MessageBreak
+ is not suitable for submission.\MessageBreak
+ \MessageBreak
+ Please typeset again using 'preprint' option\MessageBreak
+ for creating PDF suitable for submission.\MessageBreak
+ ******************************************************\MessageBreak
+}
+
+\DeclareOption{preprint}{\global\preprinttrue
+ \gdef\@blstr{1}\xdef\jtype{0}%
+ \AtBeginDocument{\@twosidefalse\@mparswitchfalse}}
+\DeclareOption{final}{\gdef\@blstr{1}\global\preprintfalse}
+\DeclareOption{review}{\global\preprinttrue\gdef\@blstr{1.5}}
+\DeclareOption{authoryear}{\xdef\@biboptions{round,authoryear}}
+\DeclareOption{number}{\xdef\@biboptions{numbers}}
+\DeclareOption{numbers}{\xdef\@biboptions{numbers}}
+\DeclareOption{longtitle}{\global\longmktitletrue}
+\DeclareOption{5p}{\xdef\jtype{5}\global\preprintfalse
+ \ExecuteOptions{twocolumn}}
+ \def\jtype{0}
+\DeclareOption{3p}{\xdef\jtype{3}\global\preprintfalse}
+\DeclareOption{1p}{\xdef\jtype{1}\global\preprintfalse
+ \AtBeginDocument{\@twocolumnfalse}}
+\DeclareOption{times}{\IfFileExists{txfonts.sty}%
+ {\AtEndOfClass{\RequirePackage{txfonts}%
+ \gdef\ttdefault{cmtt}%
+ \let\iint\relax
+ \let\iiint\relax
+ \let\iiiint\relax
+ \let\idotsint\relax
+ \let\openbox\relax}}{\RequirePackage{times}}}
+\ExecuteOptions{a4paper,10pt,oneside,onecolumn,number,preprint}
+\DeclareOption*{\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{article}}
+\ProcessOptions
+\LoadClass{article}
+\RequirePackage{graphicx}
+\let\comma\@empty
+\let\tnotesep\@empty
+\def\title#1{\gdef\@title{#1}}
+\let\@title\@empty
+
+\def\elsLabel#1{\@bsphack\protected@write\@auxout{}%
+ {\string\Newlabel{#1}{\@currentlabel}}\@esphack}
+\def\Newlabel#1#2{\expandafter\xdef\csname X@#1\endcsname{#2}}
+
+\def\elsRef#1{\@ifundefined{X@#1}{0}{\csname X@#1\endcsname}%
+}
+
+\def\tnotemark[#1]{\textsuperscript{\@for\@@tmark:=#1\do{%
+ \edef\tnotenum{\@ifundefined{X@\@@tmark}{1}{\elsRef{\@@tmark}}}%
+ \ifcase\tnotenum\or\ding{73}\or,\ding{73}\ding{73}\fi}}%
+}
+\let\@tnotemark\@empty
+
+\let\@tnotes\@empty
+\RequirePackage{pifont}
+\newcounter{tnote}
+\def\tnotetext[#1]#2{\g@addto@macro\@tnotes{%
+ \refstepcounter{tnote}\elsLabel{#1}%
+ \def\thefootnote{\ifcase\c@tnote\or\ding{73}\or\ding{73}\ding{73}\fi}%
+ \footnotetext{#2}}}
+
+\let\@nonumnotes\@empty
+\def\nonumnote#1{\g@addto@macro\@nonumnotes{%
+ \let\thefootnote\relax\footnotetext{#1}}}
+
+\newcounter{fnote}
+\def\fnmark[#1]{\let\comma\@empty
+ \def\@fnmark{\@for\@@fnmark:=#1\do{%
+ \edef\fnotenum{\@ifundefined{X@\@@fnmark}{1}{\elsRef{\@@fnmark}}}%
+ \unskip\comma\fnotenum\let\comma,}}%
+}
+
+\let\@fnotes\@empty\let\@fnmark\@empty
+\def\fntext[#1]#2{\g@addto@macro\@fnotes{%
+ \refstepcounter{fnote}\elsLabel{#1}%
+ \def\thefootnote{\thefnote}%
+ \global\setcounter{footnote}{\thefnote}%
+ \footnotetext{#2}}}
+
+\def\cormark[#1]{\edef\cnotenum{\elsRef{#1}}%
+ \unskip\textsuperscript{\sep\ifcase\cnotenum\or
+ $\ast$\or$\ast\ast$\fi\hspace{-1pt}}\let\sep=,}
+
+\let\@cormark\@empty
+\let\@cornotes\@empty
+\newcounter{cnote}
+\def\cortext[#1]#2{\g@addto@macro\@cornotes{%
+ \refstepcounter{cnote}\elsLabel{#1}%
+ \def\thefootnote{\ifcase\thecnote\or$\ast$\or
+ $\ast\ast$\fi}%
+ \footnotetext{#2}}}
+
+\let\@corref\@empty
+\def\corref#1{\edef\cnotenum{\elsRef{#1}}%
+ \edef\@corref{\ifcase\cnotenum\or
+ $\ast$\or$\ast\ast$\fi\hskip-1pt}}
+
+\def\fnref#1{\fnmark[#1]}
+\def\tnoteref#1{\tnotemark[#1]}
+
+\def\resetTitleCounters{\c@cnote=0
+ \c@fnote=0 \c@tnote=0 \c@footnote=0}
+
+\let\eadsep\@empty
+\let\@elseads\@empty
+\let\@elsuads\@empty
+\let\@cormark\@empty
+\def\hashchar{\expandafter\@gobble\string\~}
+\def\underscorechar{\expandafter\@gobble\string\_}
+\def\lbracechar{\expandafter\@gobble\string\{}
+\def\rbracechar{\expandafter\@gobble\string\}}
+
+\def\ead{\@ifnextchar[{\@uad}{\@ead}}
+\gdef\@ead#1{\bgroup\def\_{\string\underscorechar\space}%
+ \def\{{\string\lbracechar\space}%
+ \def~{\hashchar\space}%
+ \def\}{\string\rbracechar\space}%
+ \edef\tmp{\the\@eadauthor}
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\emailauthor
+ {#1}{\expandafter\strip@prefix\meaning\tmp}}%
+ \egroup
+}
+\newcounter{ead}
+\gdef\emailauthor#1#2{\stepcounter{ead}%
+ \g@addto@macro\@elseads{\raggedright%
+ \let\corref\@gobble
+ \eadsep\texttt{#1} (#2)\def\eadsep{\unskip,\space}}%
+}
+\gdef\@uad[#1]#2{\bgroup
+ \def~{\string\hashchar\space}%
+ \def\_{\string\underscorechar\space}%
+ \edef\tmp{\the\@eadauthor}
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\urlauthor
+ {#2}{\expandafter\strip@prefix\meaning\tmp}}%
+ \egroup
+}
+\def\urlauthor#1#2{\g@addto@macro\@elsuads{\let\corref\@gobble%
+ \raggedright\eadsep\texttt{#1}\space(#2)%
+ \def\eadsep{\unskip,\space}}%
+}
+
+\def\elsauthors{}
+\def\pprinttitle{}
+\let\authorsep\@empty
+\let\sep\@empty
+\newcounter{author}
+\def\author{\@ifnextchar[{\@@author}{\@author}}
+
+\newtoks\@eadauthor
+\def\@@author[#1]#2{\g@addto@macro\elsauthors{%
+ \def\baselinestretch{1}%
+ \authorsep#2\unskip\textsuperscript{%#1%
+ \@for\@@affmark:=#1\do{%
+ \edef\affnum{\@ifundefined{X@\@@affmark}{1}{\elsRef{\@@affmark}}}%
+ \unskip\sep\affnum\let\sep=,}%
+ \ifx\@fnmark\@empty\else\unskip\sep\@fnmark\let\sep=,\fi
+ \ifx\@corref\@empty\else\unskip\sep\@corref\let\sep=,\fi
+ }%
+ \def\authorsep{\unskip,\space}%
+ \global\let\sep\@empty\global\let\@corref\@empty
+ \global\let\@fnmark\@empty}%
+ \@eadauthor={#2}
+}
+
+\def\@author#1{\g@addto@macro\elsauthors{\normalsize%
+ \def\baselinestretch{1}%
+ \upshape\authorsep#1\unskip\textsuperscript{%
+ \ifx\@fnmark\@empty\else\unskip\sep\@fnmark\let\sep=,\fi
+ \ifx\@corref\@empty\else\unskip\sep\@corref\let\sep=,\fi
+ }%
+ \def\authorsep{\unskip,\space}%
+ \global\let\@fnmark\@empty
+ \global\let\@corref\@empty
+ \global\let\sep\@empty}%
+ \@eadauthor={#1}
+}
+
+\def\elsaddress{}
+\def\addsep{\par\vskip6pt}
+\def\address{\@ifnextchar[{\@@address}{\@address}}
+
+\def\@alph#1{%
+ \ifcase#1\or a\or b\or c\or d\or e\or f\or g\or h\or i\or j\or k\or
+ l\or m\or n\or o\or p\or q\or r\or s\or t\or u\or v\or w\or x\or
+ y\or z%
+ \or aa\or ab\or ac\or ad\or ae\or af\or ag\or ah\or ai\or aj\or
+ ak\or al\or am\or an\or ao\or ap\or aq\or ar\or as\or at\or au\or
+ av\or aw\or ax\or ay\or az%
+ \or ba\or bb\or bc\or bd\or be\or bf\or bg\or bh\or bi\or bj\or
+ bk\or bl\or bm\or bn\or bo\or bp\or bq\or br\or bs\or bt\or bu\or
+ bv\or bw\or bx\or by\or bz%
+ \or ca\or cb\or cc\or cd\or ce\or cf\or cg\or ch\or ci\or cj\or
+ ck\or cl\or cm\or cn\or co\or cp\or cq\or cr\or cs\or ct\or cu\or
+ cv\or cw\or cx\or cy\or cz%
+ \or da\or db\or dc\or dd\or de\or df\or dg\or dh\or di\or dj\or
+ dk\or dl\or dm\or dn\or do\or dp\or dq\or dr\or ds\or dt\or du\or
+ dv\or dw\or dx\or dy\or dz%
+ \or ea\or eb\or ec\or ed\or ee\or ef\or eg\or eh\or ei\or ej\or
+ ek\or el\or em\or en\or eo\or ep\or eq\or er\or es\or et\or eu\or
+ ev\or ew\or ex\or ey\or ez%
+ \or fa\or fb\or fc\or fd\or fe\or ff\or fg\or fh\or fi\or fj\or
+ fk\or fl\or fm\or fn\or fo\or fp\or fq\or fr\or fs\or ft\or fu\or
+ fv\or fw\or fx\or fy\or fz%
+ \or ga\or gb\or gc\or gd\or ge\or gf\or gg\or gh\or gi\or gj\or
+ gk\or gl\or gm\or gn\or go\or gp\or gq\or gr\or gs\or gt\or gu\or
+ gv\or gw\or gx\or gy\or gz%
+ \else\@ctrerr\fi}
+
+\newcounter{affn}
+\renewcommand\theaffn{\alph{affn}}
+
+\long\def\@@address[#1]#2{\g@addto@macro\elsaddress{%
+ \def\baselinestretch{1}%
+ \refstepcounter{affn}
+ \xdef\@currentlabel{\theaffn}
+ \elsLabel{#1}%
+ \textsuperscript{\theaffn}#2\par}}
+
+\long\def\@address#1{\g@addto@macro\elsauthors{%
+ \def\baselinestretch{1}%
+ \addsep\footnotesize\itshape#1\def\addsep{\par\vskip6pt}%
+ \def\authorsep{\par\vskip8pt}}}
+
+\newbox\absbox
+\renewenvironment{abstract}{\global\setbox\absbox=\vbox\bgroup
+ \hsize=\textwidth\def\baselinestretch{1}%
+ \noindent\unskip\textbf{Abstract}
+ \par\medskip\noindent\unskip\ignorespaces}
+ {\egroup}
+
+\newbox\keybox
+\def\keyword{%
+ \def\sep{\unskip, }%
+ \def\MSC{\@ifnextchar[{\@MSC}{\@MSC[2000]}}
+ \def\@MSC[##1]{\par\leavevmode\hbox {\it ##1~MSC:\space}}%
+ \def\PACS{\par\leavevmode\hbox {\it PACS:\space}}%
+ \def\JEL{\par\leavevmode\hbox {\it JEL:\space}}%
+ \global\setbox\keybox=\vbox\bgroup\hsize=\textwidth
+ \normalsize\normalfont\def\baselinestretch{1}
+ \parskip\z@
+ \noindent\textit{Keywords: }
+ \raggedright % Keywords are not justified.
+ \ignorespaces}
+\def\endkeyword{\par \egroup}
+
+\newdimen\Columnwidth
+\Columnwidth=\columnwidth
+
+\def\printFirstPageNotes{%
+ \iflongmktitle
+ \let\columnwidth=\textwidth\fi
+ \ifx\@tnotes\@empty\else\@tnotes\fi
+ \ifx\@nonumnotes\@empty\else\@nonumnotes\fi
+ \ifx\@cornotes\@empty\else\@cornotes\fi
+ \ifx\@elseads\@empty\relax\else
+ \let\thefootnote\relax
+ \footnotetext{\ifnum\theead=1\relax
+ \textit{Email address:\space}\else
+ \textit{Email addresses:\space}\fi
+ \@elseads}\fi
+ \ifx\@elsuads\@empty\relax\else
+ \let\thefootnote\relax
+ \footnotetext{\textit{URL:\space}%
+ \@elsuads}\fi
+ \ifx\@fnotes\@empty\else\@fnotes\fi
+ \iflongmktitle\if@twocolumn
+ \let\columnwidth=\Columnwidth\fi\fi
+}
+
+\long\def\pprintMaketitle{\clearpage
+ \iflongmktitle\if@twocolumn\let\columnwidth=\textwidth\fi\fi
+ \resetTitleCounters
+ \def\baselinestretch{1}%
+ \printFirstPageNotes
+ \begin{center}%
+ \thispagestyle{pprintTitle}%
+ \def\baselinestretch{1}%
+ \Large\@title\par\vskip18pt
+ \normalsize\elsauthors\par\vskip10pt
+ \footnotesize\itshape\elsaddress\par\vskip36pt
+ \hrule\vskip12pt
+ \ifvoid\absbox\else\unvbox\absbox\par\vskip10pt\fi
+ \ifvoid\keybox\else\unvbox\keybox\par\vskip10pt\fi
+ \hrule\vskip12pt
+ \end{center}%
+ \gdef\thefootnote{\arabic{footnote}}%
+ }
+
+\def\printWarning{%
+ \mbox{}\par\vfill\par\bgroup
+ \fboxsep12pt\fboxrule1pt
+ \hspace*{.18\textwidth}
+ \fcolorbox{gray50}{gray10}{\box\warnbox}
+ \egroup\par\vfill\thispagestyle{empty}
+ \setcounter{page}{0}
+ \clearpage}
+
+\long\def\finalMaketitle{%
+ \resetTitleCounters
+ \def\baselinestretch{1}%
+ \MaketitleBox
+ \thispagestyle{pprintTitle}%
+ \gdef\thefootnote{\arabic{footnote}}%
+ }
+
+\long\def\MaketitleBox{%
+ \resetTitleCounters
+ \def\baselinestretch{1}%
+ \begin{center}%
+ \def\baselinestretch{1}%
+ \Large\@title\par\vskip18pt
+ \normalsize\elsauthors\par\vskip10pt
+ \footnotesize\itshape\elsaddress\par\vskip36pt
+ \hrule\vskip12pt
+ \ifvoid\absbox\else\unvbox\absbox\par\vskip10pt\fi
+ \ifvoid\keybox\else\unvbox\keybox\par\vskip10pt\fi
+ \hrule\vskip12pt
+ \end{center}%
+ }
+
+\def\FNtext#1{\par\bgroup\footnotesize#1\egroup}
+\newdimen\space@left
+\def\alarm#1{\typeout{******************************}%
+ \typeout{#1}%
+ \typeout{******************************}%
+}
+\long\def\getSpaceLeft{%\global\@twocolumnfalse%
+ \global\setbox0=\vbox{\hsize=\textwidth\MaketitleBox}%
+ \global\setbox1=\vbox{\hsize=\textwidth
+ \let\footnotetext\FNtext
+ \printFirstPageNotes}%
+ \xdef\noteheight{\the\ht1}%
+ \xdef\titleheight{\the\ht0}%
+ \@tempdima=\vsize
+ \advance\@tempdima-\noteheight
+ \advance\@tempdima-1\baselineskip
+}
+
+ \skip\footins=24pt
+
+\newbox\els@boxa
+\newbox\els@boxb
+
+\ifpreprint
+ \def\maketitle{\pprintMaketitle}
+ \else
+ \ifnum\jtype=1
+ \def\maketitle{%
+ \iflongmktitle\getSpaceLeft
+ \global\setbox\els@boxa=\vsplit0 to \@tempdima
+ \box\els@boxa\par\resetTitleCounters
+ \thispagestyle{pprintTitle}%
+ \printFirstPageNotes
+ \box0%
+ \else
+ \finalMaketitle\printFirstPageNotes
+ \fi
+ \gdef\thefootnote{\arabic{footnote}}}%
+ \else
+ \ifnum\jtype=5
+ \def\maketitle{%
+ \iflongmktitle\getSpaceLeft
+ \global\setbox\els@boxa=\vsplit0 to \@tempdima
+ \box\els@boxa\par\resetTitleCounters
+ \thispagestyle{pprintTitle}%
+ \printFirstPageNotes
+ \twocolumn[\box0]%\printFirstPageNotes
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\finalMaketitle]\printFirstPageNotes
+ \fi
+ \gdef\thefootnote{\arabic{footnote}}}
+ \else
+ \if@twocolumn
+ \def\maketitle{%
+ \iflongmktitle\getSpaceLeft
+ \global\setbox\els@boxa=\vsplit0 to \@tempdima
+ \box\els@boxa\par\resetTitleCounters
+ \thispagestyle{pprintTitle}%
+ \printFirstPageNotes
+ \twocolumn[\box0]%
+ \else
+ \twocolumn[\finalMaketitle]\printFirstPageNotes
+ \fi
+ \gdef\thefootnote{\arabic{footnote}}}%
+ \else
+ \def\maketitle{%
+ \iflongmktitle\getSpaceLeft
+ \global\setbox\els@boxa=\vsplit0 to \@tempdima
+ \box\els@boxa\par\resetTitleCounters
+ \thispagestyle{pprintTitle}%
+ \printFirstPageNotes
+ \box0%
+ \else
+ \finalMaketitle\printFirstPageNotes
+ \fi
+ \gdef\thefootnote{\arabic{footnote}}}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \fi
+\fi
+\def\ps@pprintTitle{%
+ \let\@oddhead\@empty
+ \let\@evenhead\@empty
+ \def\@oddfoot{\footnotesize\itshape
+ Preprint submitted to \ifx\@journal\@empty Elsevier
+ \else\@journal\fi\hfill\today}%
+ \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot}
+\def\@seccntDot{.}
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\@seccntDot\hskip 0.5em}
+
+\renewcommand\section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {18\p@ \@plus 6\p@ \@minus 3\p@}%
+ {9\p@ \@plus 6\p@ \@minus 3\p@}%
+ {\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}
+\renewcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {12\p@ \@plus 6\p@ \@minus 3\p@}%
+ {3\p@ \@plus 6\p@ \@minus 3\p@}%
+ {\normalfont\normalsize\itshape}}
+\renewcommand\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {12\p@ \@plus 6\p@ \@minus 3\p@}%
+ {\p@}%
+ {\normalfont\normalsize\itshape}}
+
+\def\paragraph{\secdef{\els@aparagraph}{\els@bparagraph}}
+\def\els@aparagraph[#1]#2{\elsparagraph[#1]{#2.}}
+\def\els@bparagraph#1{\elsparagraph*{#1.}}
+
+\newcommand\elsparagraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{0\z@}%
+ {10\p@ \@plus 6\p@ \@minus 3\p@}%
+ {-6\p@}%
+ {\normalfont\itshape}}
+\newdimen\leftMargin
+\leftMargin=2em
+\newtoks\@enLab %\newtoks\@enfont
+\def\@enQmark{?}
+\def\@enLabel#1#2{%
+ \edef\@enThe{\noexpand#1{\@enumctr}}%
+ \@enLab\expandafter{\the\@enLab\csname the\@enumctr\endcsname}%
+ \@enloop}
+\def\@enSpace{\afterassignment\@enSp@ce\let\@tempa= }
+\def\@enSp@ce{\@enLab\expandafter{\the\@enLab\space}\@enloop}
+\def\@enGroup#1{\@enLab\expandafter{\the\@enLab{#1}}\@enloop}
+\def\@enOther#1{\@enLab\expandafter{\the\@enLab#1}\@enloop}
+\def\@enloop{\futurelet\@entemp\@enloop@}
+\def\@enloop@{%
+ \ifx A\@entemp \def\@tempa{\@enLabel\Alph }\else
+ \ifx a\@entemp \def\@tempa{\@enLabel\alph }\else
+ \ifx i\@entemp \def\@tempa{\@enLabel\roman }\else
+ \ifx I\@entemp \def\@tempa{\@enLabel\Roman }\else
+ \ifx 1\@entemp \def\@tempa{\@enLabel\arabic}\else
+ \ifx \@sptoken\@entemp \let\@tempa\@enSpace \else
+ \ifx \bgroup\@entemp \let\@tempa\@enGroup \else
+ \ifx \@enum@\@entemp \let\@tempa\@gobble \else
+ \let\@tempa\@enOther
+ \fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi
+ \@tempa}
+\newlength{\@sep} \newlength{\@@sep}
+\setlength{\@sep}{.5\baselineskip plus.2\baselineskip
+ minus.2\baselineskip}
+\setlength{\@@sep}{.1\baselineskip plus.01\baselineskip
+ minus.05\baselineskip}
+\providecommand{\sfbc}{\rmfamily\upshape}
+\providecommand{\sfn}{\rmfamily\upshape}
+\def\@enfont{\ifnum \@enumdepth >1\let\@nxt\sfn \else\let\@nxt\sfbc \fi\@nxt}
+\def\enumerate{%
+ \ifnum \@enumdepth >3 \@toodeep\else
+ \advance\@enumdepth \@ne
+ \edef\@enumctr{enum\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth}\fi
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@@enum@}{\@enum@}}
+\def\@@enum@[#1]{%
+ \@enLab{}\let\@enThe\@enQmark
+ \@enloop#1\@enum@
+ \ifx\@enThe\@enQmark\@warning{The counter will not be printed.%
+ ^^J\space\@spaces\@spaces\@spaces The label is: \the\@enLab}\fi
+ \expandafter\edef\csname label\@enumctr\endcsname{\the\@enLab}%
+ \expandafter\let\csname the\@enumctr\endcsname\@enThe
+ \csname c@\@enumctr\endcsname7
+ \expandafter\settowidth
+ \csname leftmargin\romannumeral\@enumdepth\endcsname
+ {\the\@enLab\hskip\labelsep}%
+ \@enum@}
+\def\@enum@{\list{{\@enfont\csname label\@enumctr\endcsname}}%
+ {\usecounter{\@enumctr}\def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{##1}}%
+ \ifnum \@enumdepth>1\setlength{\topsep}{\@@sep}\else
+ \setlength{\topsep}{\@sep}\fi
+ \ifnum \@enumdepth>1\setlength{\itemsep}{0pt plus1pt minus1pt}%
+ \else \setlength{\itemsep}{\@@sep}\fi
+ %\setlength\leftmargin{\leftMargin}%%%{1.8em}
+ \setlength{\parsep}{0pt plus1pt minus1pt}%
+ \setlength{\parskip}{0pt plus1pt minus1pt}
+ }}
+
+\def\endenumerate{\par\ifnum \@enumdepth >1\addvspace{\@@sep}\else
+ \addvspace{\@sep}\fi \endlist}
+
+\def\sitem{\@noitemargtrue\@item[\@itemlabel *]}
+
+\def\itemize{\@ifnextchar[{\@Itemize}{\@Itemize[]}}
+
+\def\@Itemize[#1]{\def\next{#1}%
+ \ifnum \@itemdepth >\thr@@\@toodeep\else
+ \advance\@itemdepth\@ne
+ \ifx\next\@empty\else\expandafter\def\csname
+ labelitem\romannumeral\the\@itemdepth\endcsname{#1}\fi%
+ \edef\@itemitem{labelitem\romannumeral\the\@itemdepth}%
+ \expandafter\list\csname\@itemitem\endcsname
+ {\def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{##1}}}%
+ \fi}
+\def\newdefinition#1{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@odfn{#1}}{\@ndfn{#1}}}%]
+\def\@ndfn#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@xndfn{#1}{#2}}{\@yndfn{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@xndfn#1#2[#3]{%
+ \expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@newctr{#1}[#3]%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{%
+ \expandafter\noexpand\csname the#3\endcsname \@dfncountersep
+ \@dfncounter{#1}}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@dfn{#1}{#2}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@enddefinition}}}
+\def\@yndfn#1#2{%
+ \expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@dfncounter{#1}}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@dfn{#1}{#2}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@enddefinition}}}
+\def\@odfn#1[#2]#3{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@nocounterr{#2}}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@dfn{#2}{#3}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@enddefinition}}}}
+\def\@dfn#1#2{%
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@ydfn{#1}{#2}}{\@xdfn{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@xdfn#1#2{%
+ \@begindefinition{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}\ignorespaces}
+\def\@ydfn#1#2[#3]{%
+ \@opargbegindefinition{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+\def\@dfncounter#1{\noexpand\arabic{#1}}
+\def\@dfncountersep{.}
+\def\@begindefinition#1#2{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{\bfseries #1\ #2.}]\upshape}
+\def\@opargbegindefinition#1#2#3{\trivlist
+ \item[\hskip\labelsep{\bfseries #1\ #2\ (#3).}]\upshape}
+\def\@enddefinition{\endtrivlist}
+
+\def\@begintheorem#1#2{\trivlist
+ \let\baselinestretch\@blstr
+ \item[\hskip \labelsep{\bfseries #1\ #2.}]\itshape}
+\def\@opargbegintheorem#1#2#3{\trivlist
+ \let\baselinestretch\@blstr
+ \item[\hskip \labelsep{\bfseries #1\ #2\ (#3).}]\itshape}
+
+\def\newproof#1{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@oprf{#1}}{\@nprf{#1}}}
+\def\@nprf#1#2{%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@xnprf{#1}{#2}}{\@ynprf{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@xnprf#1#2[#3]{%
+ \expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}\@newctr{#1}[#3]%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{%
+ \expandafter\noexpand\csname the#3\endcsname \@prfcountersep
+ \@prfcounter{#1}}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@prf{#1}{#2}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endproof}}}
+\def\@ynprf#1#2{%
+ \expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\@definecounter{#1}%
+ \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@prfcounter{#1}}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@prf{#1}{#2}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endproof}}}
+\def\@oprf#1[#2]#3{%
+ \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@nocounterr{#2}}%
+ {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname
+ {\global\@namedef{the#1}{\@nameuse{the#2}}%
+ \global\@namedef{#1}{\@prf{#2}{#3}}%
+ \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endproof}}}}
+\def\@prf#1#2{%
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \@ifnextchar[{\@yprf{#1}{#2}}{\@xprf{#1}{#2}}}
+\def\@xprf#1#2{%
+ \@beginproof{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}\ignorespaces}
+\def\@yprf#1#2[#3]{%
+ \@opargbeginproof{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}\ignorespaces}
+\def\@prfcounter#1{\noexpand\arabic{#1}}
+\def\@prfcountersep{.}
+\def\@beginproof#1#2{\trivlist\let\baselinestretch\@blstr
+ \item[\hskip \labelsep{\scshape #1.}]\rmfamily}
+\def\@opargbeginproof#1#2#3{\trivlist\let\baselinestretch\@blstr
+ \item[\hskip \labelsep{\scshape #1\ (#3).}]\rmfamily}
+\def\@endproof{\endtrivlist}
+\newcommand*{\qed}{\hbox{}\hfill$\Box$}
+
+\@ifundefined{@biboptions}{\xdef\@biboptions{numbers}}{}
+\InputIfFileExists{\jobname.spl}{}{}
+\RequirePackage[\@biboptions]{natbib}
+
+\newwrite\splwrite
+\immediate\openout\splwrite=\jobname.spl
+\def\biboptions#1{\def\next{#1}\immediate\write\splwrite{%
+ \string\g@addto@macro\string\@biboptions{%
+ ,\expandafter\strip@prefix\meaning\next}}}
+
+\let\baselinestretch=\@blstr
+
+\ifnum\jtype=1
+ \RequirePackage{geometry}
+ \geometry{twoside,
+ paperwidth=210mm,
+ paperheight=297mm,
+ textheight=562pt,
+ textwidth=384pt,
+ centering,
+ headheight=50pt,
+ headsep=12pt,
+ footskip=12pt,
+ footnotesep=24pt plus 2pt minus 12pt,
+ }
+ \global\let\bibfont=\footnotesize
+ \global\bibsep=0pt
+ \if@twocolumn\global\@twocolumnfalse\fi
+\else\ifnum\jtype=3
+ \RequirePackage{geometry}
+ \geometry{twoside,
+ paperwidth=210mm,
+ paperheight=297mm,
+ textheight=622pt,
+ textwidth=468pt,
+ centering,
+ headheight=50pt,
+ headsep=12pt,
+ footskip=18pt,
+ footnotesep=24pt plus 2pt minus 12pt,
+ columnsep=2pc
+ }
+ \global\let\bibfont=\footnotesize
+ \global\bibsep=0pt
+ \if@twocolumn\input{fleqn.clo}\fi
+\else\ifnum\jtype=5
+ \RequirePackage{geometry}
+ \geometry{twoside,
+ paperwidth=210mm,
+ paperheight=297mm,
+ textheight=682pt,
+ textwidth=522pt,
+ centering,
+ headheight=50pt,
+ headsep=12pt,
+ footskip=18pt,
+ footnotesep=24pt plus 2pt minus 12pt,
+ columnsep=18pt
+ }%
+ \global\let\bibfont=\footnotesize
+ \global\bibsep=0pt
+ \input{fleqn.clo}
+ \global\@twocolumntrue
+%%
+%% End of option '5p'
+%%
+\fi\fi\fi
+\def\journal#1{\gdef\@journal{#1}}
+ \let\@journal\@empty
+\newenvironment{frontmatter}{}{\maketitle}
+
+\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
+ \vskip\abovecaptionskip\footnotesize
+ \sbox\@tempboxa{#1: #2}%
+ \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize
+ #1: #2\par
+ \else
+ \global \@minipagefalse
+ \hb@xt@\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil}%
+ \fi
+ \vskip\belowcaptionskip}
+
+\AtBeginDocument{\@ifpackageloaded{hyperref}
+ {\def\@linkcolor{blue}
+ \def\@anchorcolor{blue}
+ \def\@citecolor{blue}
+ \def\@filecolor{blue}
+ \def\@urlcolor{blue}
+ \def\@menucolor{blue}
+ \def\@pagecolor{blue}
+\begingroup
+ \@makeother\`%
+ \@makeother\=%
+ \edef\x{%
+ \edef\noexpand\x{%
+ \endgroup
+ \noexpand\toks@{%
+ \catcode 96=\noexpand\the\catcode`\noexpand\`\relax
+ \catcode 61=\noexpand\the\catcode`\noexpand\=\relax
+ }%
+ }%
+ \noexpand\x
+ }%
+\x
+\@makeother\`
+\@makeother\=
+}{}}
+%%
+\def\appendixname{Appendix }
+\renewcommand\appendix{\par
+ \setcounter{section}{0}%
+ \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
+ \setcounter{equation}{0}
+ \gdef\thefigure{\@Alph\c@section.\arabic{figure}}%
+ \gdef\thetable{\@Alph\c@section.\arabic{table}}%
+ \gdef\thesection{\appendixname~\@Alph\c@section}%
+ \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
+ \gdef\theequation{\@Alph\c@section.\arabic{equation}}%
+ \addtocontents{toc}{\string\let\string\numberline\string\tmptocnumberline}{}{}
+}
+
+%%%% \numberline width calculation for appendix.
+\newdimen\appnamewidth
+\def\tmptocnumberline#1{%
+ \setbox0=\hbox{\appendixname}
+ \appnamewidth=\wd0
+ \addtolength\appnamewidth{2.5pc}
+ \hb@xt@\appnamewidth{#1\hfill}
+}
+
+%% Added for work with amsrefs.sty
+
+\@ifpackageloaded{amsrefs}%
+ {}
+ {%\let\bibsection\relax%
+ \AtBeginDocument{\def\cites@b#1#2,#3{%
+ \begingroup[%
+ \toks@{\InnerCite{#2}#1}%
+ \ifx\@empty#3\@xp\@gobble\fi
+ \cites@c#3%
+}}}
+%%
+%% Added for avoiding clash with cleveref.sty
+
+\@ifpackageloaded{cleveref}%
+ {}
+ {\def\tnotetext[#1]#2{\g@addto@macro\@tnotes{%
+ \refstepcounter{tnote}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\Newlabel{#1}{\thetnote}}
+ \def\thefootnote{\ifcase\c@tnote\or\ding{73}\or\ding{73}\ding{73}\fi}%
+ \footnotetext{#2}}}
+%%%
+ \def\fntext[#1]#2{\g@addto@macro\@fnotes{%
+ \refstepcounter{fnote}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\Newlabel{#1}{\thefnote}}
+ \def\thefootnote{\thefnote}%
+ \global\setcounter{footnote}{\thefnote}%
+ \footnotetext{#2}}}
+%%%
+ \def\cortext[#1]#2{\g@addto@macro\@cornotes{%
+ \refstepcounter{cnote}%
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\Newlabel{#1}{\thecnote}}
+ \def\thefootnote{\ifcase\thecnote\or$\ast$\or
+ $\ast\ast$\fi}%
+ \footnotetext{#2}}}
+}
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `elsarticle.cls'.
