\begin{thebibliography}{10}

\bibitem{kodakccd}
Ccd image sensor noise sources.
\newblock Technical report, Eastman Kodak company, Rochester, August 2001.

\bibitem{adalsteinsson1994fast}
David Adalsteinsson and James Sethian.
\newblock {\em A fast level set method for propagating interfaces}.
\newblock PhD thesis, University of California, 1994.

\bibitem{agarwal2002exact}
Pankaj~K Agarwal and Cecilia~Magdalena Procopiuc.
\newblock Exact and approximation algorithms for clustering.
\newblock {\em Algorithmica}, 33(2):201--226, 2002.

\bibitem{aldinucci2012parallel}
M.~Aldinucci, C.S.M. Drocco, M.~Torquati, and S.~Palazzo.
\newblock A parallel edge preserving algorithm for salt and pepper image
  denoising.
\newblock 2012.

\bibitem{arbelaez2011contour}
Pablo Arbelaez, Michael Maire, Charless Fowlkes, and Jitendra Malik.
\newblock Contour detection and hierarchical image segmentation.
\newblock {\em Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, IEEE Transactions
  on}, 33(5):898--916, 2011.

\bibitem{arora1998approximation}
Sanjeev Arora, Prabhakar Raghavan, and Satish Rao.
\newblock Approximation schemes for euclidean k-medians and related problems.
\newblock In {\em Proceedings of the thirtieth annual ACM symposium on Theory
  of computing}, pages 106--113. ACM, 1998.

\bibitem{bertaux2004speckle}
Nicolas Bertaux, Yann Frauel, Philippe R{\'e}fr{\'e}gier, and Bahram Javidi.
\newblock Speckle removal using a maximum-likelihood technique with isoline
  gray-level regularization.
\newblock {\em JOSA A}, 21(12):2283--2291, 2004.

\bibitem{1467423}
A.~Buades, B.~Coll, and J.~M Morel.
\newblock A non-local algorithm for image denoising.
\newblock In {\em Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2005. CVPR 2005.
  IEEE Computer Society Conference on}, volume~2, pages 60--65 vol. 2, 2005.

\bibitem{BuadesCM06}
Antoni Buades, Bartomeu Coll, and Jean-Michel Morel.
\newblock The staircasing effect in neighborhood filters and its solution.
\newblock {\em IEEE Transactions on Image Processing}, 15(6):1499--1505, 2006.

\bibitem{Caselles99topographicmaps}
Vicent Caselles and Jean michel Morel.
\newblock Topographic maps and local contrast changes in natural images.
\newblock {\em Int. J. Comp. Vision}, 33:5--27, 1999.

\bibitem{chen09}
Wei Chen, M.~Beister, Y.~Kyriakou, and M.~Kachelries.
\newblock High performance median filtering using commodity graphics hardware.
\newblock In {\em Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record (NSS/MIC), 2009
  IEEE}, pages 4142--4147, 24 2009-nov. 1 2009.

\bibitem{1093941}
Wen-Hsiung Chen, C.~Smith, and S.~Fralick.
\newblock A fast computational algorithm for the discrete cosine transform.
\newblock {\em Communications, IEEE Transactions on}, 25(9):1004--1009, 1977.

\bibitem{cheng1995mean}
Yizong Cheng.
\newblock Mean shift, mode seeking, and clustering.
\newblock {\em Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, IEEE Transactions
  on}, 17(8):790--799, 1995.

\bibitem{ChesnaudRB99}
Christophe Chesnaud, Philippe R{\'e}fr{\'e}gier, and Vlady Boulet.
\newblock Statistical region snake-based segmentation adapted to different
  physical noise models.
\newblock {\em IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell.}, 21(11):1145--1157,
  1999.

\bibitem{cohen1993surface}
Laurent~D Cohen, Eric Bardinet, Nicholas Ayache, et~al.
\newblock Surface reconstruction using active contour models.
\newblock 1993.

\bibitem{comaniciu1999mean}
Dorin Comaniciu and Peter Meer.
\newblock Mean shift analysis and applications.
\newblock In {\em Computer Vision, 1999. The Proceedings of the Seventh IEEE
  International Conference on}, volume~2, pages 1197--1203. IEEE, 1999.

\bibitem{comaniciu2002mean}
Dorin Comaniciu and Peter Meer.
\newblock Mean shift: A robust approach toward feature space analysis.
\newblock {\em Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, IEEE Transactions
  on}, 24(5):603--619, 2002.

\bibitem{cutrona1990synthetic}
LJ~Cutrona.
\newblock Synthetic aperture radar.
\newblock {\em Radar Handbook, second edition, ed. M. Skolnik, McGraw-Hill, New
  York}, 1990.

\bibitem{Dabov06imagedenoising}
Kostadin Dabov, Alessandro Foi, Vladimir Katkovnik, and Karen Egiazarian.
\newblock Image denoising with block-matching and 3d filtering.
\newblock In {\em IN ELECTRONIC IMAGING’06, PROC. SPIE 6064, NO. 6064A-30},
  2006.

\bibitem{Dabov09bm3dimage}
Kostadin Dabov, Ro~Foi, Vladimir Katkovnik, and Karen Egiazarian.
\newblock Bm3d image denoising with shape-adaptive principal component
  analysis.
\newblock In {\em Proc. Workshop on Signal Processing with Adaptive Sparse
  Structured Representations (SPARS{\rq}09}, 2009.

\bibitem{Daubechies:1992:TLW:130655}
Ingrid Daubechies.
\newblock {\em Ten lectures on wavelets}.
\newblock Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Philadelphia, PA,
  USA, 1992.

\bibitem{elad2006image}
Michael Elad and Michal Aharon.
\newblock Image denoising via sparse and redundant representations over learned
  dictionaries.
\newblock {\em Image Processing, IEEE Transactions on}, 15(12):3736--3745,
  2006.

\bibitem{felzenszwalb2004efficient}
Pedro~F Felzenszwalb and Daniel~P Huttenlocher.
\newblock Efficient graph-based image segmentation.
\newblock {\em International Journal of Computer Vision}, 59(2):167--181, 2004.

\bibitem{foley1994introduction}
James~D Foley, Andries Van~Dam, Steven~K Feiner, John~F Hughes, and Richard~L
  Phillips.
\newblock {\em Introduction to computer graphics}, volume~55.
\newblock Addison-Wesley Reading, 1994.

\bibitem{fukunaga1975estimation}
Keinosuke Fukunaga and Larry Hostetler.
\newblock The estimation of the gradient of a density function, with
  applications in pattern recognition.
\newblock {\em Information Theory, IEEE Transactions on}, 21(1):32--40, 1975.

\bibitem{GallandBR03}
Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric Galland, Nicolas Bertaux, and Philippe R{\'e}fr{\'e}gier.
\newblock Minimum description length synthetic aperture radar image
  segmentation.
\newblock {\em IEEE Transactions on Image Processing}, 12(9):995--1006, 2003.

\bibitem{GermainR01}
Olivier Germain and Philippe R{\'e}fr{\'e}gier.
\newblock Statistical active grid for segmentation refinement.
\newblock {\em Pattern Recognition Letters}, 22(10):1125--1132, 2001.

\bibitem{nlmeansgpubelge}
Bart Goossens, Hiêp Luong, Jan Aelterman, Aleksandra Pižurica, and Wilfried
  Philips.
\newblock A gpu-accelerated real-time nlmeans algorithm for denoising color
  video sequences.
\newblock In Jacques Blanc-Talon, Don Bone, Wilfried Philips, Dan Popescu, and
  Paul Scheunders, editors, {\em Advanced Concepts for Intelligent Vision
  Systems}, volume 6475 of {\em Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, pages
  46--57. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010.

\bibitem{healey1994radiometric}
Glenn~E Healey and Raghava Kondepudy.
\newblock Radiometric ccd camera calibration and noise estimation.
\newblock {\em Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, IEEE Transactions
  on}, 16(3):267--276, 1994.

\bibitem{humphrey1924psychology}
GEORGE Humphrey.
\newblock The psychology of the gestalt.
\newblock {\em Journal of Educational Psychology}, 15(7):401, 1924.

\bibitem{5402362}
M.~Kachelriess.
\newblock Branchless vectorized median filtering.
\newblock In {\em Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record (NSS/MIC), 2009
  IEEE}, pages 4099 --4105, 24 2009-nov. 1 2009.

\bibitem{KassWT88}
Michael Kass, Andrew~P. Witkin, and Demetri Terzopoulos.
\newblock Snakes: Active contour models.
\newblock {\em International Journal of Computer Vision}, 1(4):321--331, 1988.

\bibitem{keselman1998extraction}
Yakov Keselman and EVANGELIA Micheli-Tzanakou.
\newblock Extraction and characterization of regions of interest in biomedical
  images.
\newblock In {\em Information Technology Applications in Biomedicine, 1998.
  ITAB 98. Proceedings. 1998 IEEE International Conference on}, pages 87--90.
  IEEE, 1998.

\bibitem{cmla2009Kes}
P.~Kestener, Y.~Moudden, and A.~Pedron.
\newblock Calcul scientifique sur gpu et application en traitement d'images.
\newblock Seminaire HPC-GPU, CMLA, ENS Cachan, March 2009.

\bibitem{macqueen1967some}
James MacQueen et~al.
\newblock Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate
  observations.
\newblock In {\em Proceedings of the fifth Berkeley symposium on mathematical
  statistics and probability}, volume~1, page~14. California, USA, 1967.

\bibitem{Mallat:2008:WTS:1525499}
Stphane Mallat.
\newblock {\em A Wavelet Tour of Signal Processing, Third Edition: The Sparse
  Way}.
\newblock Academic Press, 3rd edition, 2008.

\bibitem{mancuso2001introduction}
Massimo Mancuso and Sebastiano Battiato.
\newblock An introduction to the digital still camera technology.
\newblock {\em ST Journal of System Research}, 2(2), 2001.

\bibitem{coil}
S.A. Nene, S.K. Nayar, and Murase H.
\newblock Columbia object image library (coil-100).
\newblock Technical Report CUCS-006-96, Computer Vision Laboratory, Columbia
  University, February 1996.

\bibitem{osher1988fronts}
Stanley Osher and James~A Sethian.
\newblock Fronts propagating with curvature-dependent speed: algorithms based
  on hamilton-jacobi formulations.
\newblock {\em Journal of computational physics}, 79(1):12--49, 1988.

\bibitem{4310076}
N.~Otsu.
\newblock A threshold selection method from gray-level histograms.
\newblock {\em Systems, Man and Cybernetics, IEEE Transactions on},
  9(1):62--66, 1979.

\bibitem{PALHANOXAVIERDEFONTES}
Fernanda Palhano Xavier De~Fontes, Guillermo Andrade~Barroso, Pierrick
  Coup{\'e}, and Pierre Hellier.
\newblock {Real time ultrasound image denoising}.
\newblock {\em Journal of Real-Time Image Processing}, May 2010.

\bibitem{pelleg2000x}
Dan Pelleg, Andrew~W Moore, et~al.
\newblock X-means: Extending k-means with efficient estimation of the number of
  clusters.
\newblock In {\em ICML}, pages 727--734, 2000.

\bibitem{4287006}
S.~Perreault and P.~Hebert.
\newblock Median filtering in constant time.
\newblock {\em Image Processing, IEEE Transactions on}, 16(9):2389 --2394,
  sept. 2007.

\bibitem{1521458}
T.Q. Pham and L.J. van Vliet.
\newblock Separable bilateral filtering for fast video preprocessing.
\newblock In {\em Multimedia and Expo, 2005. ICME 2005. IEEE International
  Conference on}, pages 4 pp.--, 2005.

\bibitem{4587843}
F.~Porikli.
\newblock Constant time o(1) bilateral filtering.
\newblock In {\em Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2008. CVPR 2008.
  IEEE Conference on}, pages 1--8, 2008.

\bibitem{ronfard1994region}
R{\'e}mi Ronfard.
\newblock Region-based strategies for active contour models.
\newblock {\em International Journal of Computer Vision}, 13(2):229--251, 1994.

\bibitem{6288187}
R.M. Sanchez and P.A. Rodriguez.
\newblock Bidimensional median filter for parallel computing architectures.
\newblock In {\em Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), 2012 IEEE
  International Conference on}, pages 1549 --1552, march 2012.

\bibitem{sethian1996fast}
James~A Sethian.
\newblock A fast marching level set method for monotonically advancing fronts.
\newblock {\em Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
  93(4):1591--1595, 1996.

\bibitem{shi2000normalized}
Jianbo Shi and Jitendra Malik.
\newblock Normalized cuts and image segmentation.
\newblock {\em Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, IEEE Transactions
  on}, 22(8):888--905, 2000.

\bibitem{convolutionsoup}
J.~Stam.
\newblock Convolution soup.
\newblock In {\em GPU Technology Conference}, Aug. 2010.

\bibitem{strang1999discrete}
Gilbert Strang.
\newblock The discrete cosine transform.
\newblock {\em SIAM review}, 41(1):135--147, 1999.

\bibitem{theuwissen2001ccd}
Albert~JP Theuwissen.
\newblock Ccd or cmos image sensors for consumer digital still photography?
\newblock In {\em VLSI Technology, Systems, and Applications, 2001. Proceedings
  of Technical Papers. 2001 International Symposium on}, pages 168--171. IEEE,
  2001.

\bibitem{710815}
C.~Tomasi and R.~Manduchi.
\newblock Bilateral filtering for gray and color images.
\newblock In {\em Computer Vision, 1998. Sixth International Conference on},
  pages 839--846, 1998.

\bibitem{tukey77}
John~Wilder Tukey.
\newblock {\em Exploratory Data Analysis}.
\newblock Addison-Wesley, 1977.

\bibitem{wang2001image}
Song Wang and Jeffrey~Mark Siskind.
\newblock Image segmentation with minimum mean cut.
\newblock In {\em Computer Vision, 2001. ICCV 2001. Proceedings. Eighth IEEE
  International Conference on}, volume~1, pages 517--524. IEEE, 2001.

\bibitem{wang2003image}
Song Wang and Jeffrey~Mark Siskind.
\newblock Image segmentation with ratio cut.
\newblock {\em Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, IEEE Transactions
  on}, 25(6):675--690, 2003.

\bibitem{Wang04imagequality}
Zhou Wang, Alan~Conrad Bovik, Hamid~Rahim Sheikh, Student Member, Eero~P.
  Simoncelli, and Senior Member.
\newblock Image quality assessment: From error visibility to structural
  similarity.
\newblock {\em IEEE Transactions on Image Processing}, 13:600--612, 2004.

\bibitem{wu1993optimal}
Zhenyu Wu and Richard Leahy.
\newblock An optimal graph theoretic approach to data clustering: Theory and
  its application to image segmentation.
\newblock {\em Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, IEEE Transactions
  on}, 15(11):1101--1113, 1993.

\bibitem{5206542}
Qingxiong Yang, Kar-Han Tan, and N.~Ahuja.
\newblock Real-time o(1) bilateral filtering.
\newblock In {\em Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2009. CVPR 2009.
  IEEE Conference on}, pages 557--564, 2009.

\bibitem{Zahn:1971:GMD:1309266.1309359}
C.~T. Zahn.
\newblock Graph-theoretical methods for detecting and describing gestalt
  clusters.
\newblock {\em IEEE Trans. Comput.}, 20(1):68--86, January 1971.

\bibitem{zheng2011performance}
Z.~Zheng, W.~Xu, and K.~Mueller.
\newblock Performance tuning for cuda-accelerated neighborhood denoising
  filters.
\newblock {\em Workshop on High Performance Image Reconstruction (HPIR)}, pages
  52--55, 2011.

\end{thebibliography}