-\begin{thebibliography}{10}
+\begin{thebibliography}{100}
\bibitem{kddcup99}
Kdd cup data, October 1999.
\newblock PhD thesis, University of California, 1994.
\bibitem{agarwal2002exact}
-Pankaj~K Agarwal and Cecilia~Magdalena Procopiuc.
+Pankaj~K. Agarwal and Cecilia~Magdalena Procopiuc.
\newblock Exact and approximation algorithms for clustering.
\newblock {\em Algorithmica}, 33(2):201--226, 2002.
\newblock In {\em Proceedings of the thirtieth annual ACM symposium on Theory
of computing}, pages 106--113. ACM, 1998.
+\bibitem{bauer2009segmentation}
+Christian Bauer, Horst Bischof, and Reinhard Beichel.
+\newblock Segmentation of airways based on gradient vector flow.
+\newblock In {\em International workshop on pulmonary image analysis, Medical
+ image computing and computer assisted intervention}, pages 191--201, 2009.
+
\bibitem{bertaux2004speckle}
Nicolas Bertaux, Yann Frauel, Philippe R{\'e}fr{\'e}gier, and Bahram Javidi.
\newblock Speckle removal using a maximum-likelihood technique with isoline
gray-level regularization.
\newblock {\em JOSA A}, 21(12):2283--2291, 2004.
+\bibitem{5767240}
+Nicolas Bertaux, F{\'e}d{\'e}ric Galland, and Philippe R{\'e}fr{\'e}gier.
+\newblock Multi-initialisation segmentation with non-parametric minimum
+ description length snake.
+\newblock {\em Electronics Letters}, 47(10):594--595, 2011.
+
+\bibitem{BlellochTR90}
+Guy~E. Blelloch.
+\newblock Prefix sums and their applications.
+\newblock Technical Report CMU-CS-90-190, School of Computer Science, Carnegie
+ Mellon University, November 1990.
+
\bibitem{boykov2004experimental}
Yuri Boykov and Vladimir Kolmogorov.
\newblock An experimental comparison of min-cut/max-flow algorithms for energy
\newblock {\em Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, IEEE Transactions
on}, 26(9):1124--1137, 2004.
+\bibitem{bresenham1965algorithm}
+Jack~E Bresenham.
+\newblock Algorithm for computer control of a digital plotter.
+\newblock {\em IBM Systems journal}, 4(1):25--30, 1965.
+
\bibitem{1467423}
A.~Buades, B.~Coll, and J.~M Morel.
\newblock A non-local algorithm for image denoising.
\newblock Topographic maps and local contrast changes in natural images.
\newblock {\em Int. J. Comp. Vision}, 33:5--27, 1999.
+\bibitem{caselles97}
+Vincent Caselles, Bartomeu Coll, and Jean-Michel Morel.
+\newblock Scale space versus topographic map for natural images.
+\newblock pages 29--49. Springer, 07 1997.
+
+\bibitem{5459410}
+Bryan Catanzaro, Bor-Yiing Su, N.~Sundaram, Yunsup Lee, Mark Murphy, and
+ K.~Keutzer.
+\newblock Efficient, high-quality image contour detection.
+\newblock In {\em Computer Vision, 2009 IEEE 12th International Conference on},
+ pages 2381--2388, 2009.
+
\bibitem{cates2004gist}
-Joshua~E Cates, Aaron~E Lefohn, and Ross~T Whitaker.
+Joshua~E. Cates, Aaron~E. Lefohn, and Ross~T. Whitaker.
\newblock Gist: an interactive, gpu-based level set segmentation tool for 3d
medical images.
\newblock {\em Medical Image Analysis}, 8(3):217--231, 2004.
\bibitem{chandran2009computational}
-Bala~G Chandran and Dorit~S Hochbaum.
+Bala~G. Chandran and Dorit~S. Hochbaum.
\newblock A computational study of the pseudoflow and push-relabel algorithms
for the maximum flow problem.
\newblock {\em Operations research}, 57(2):358--376, 2009.
on}, 17(8):790--799, 1995.
\bibitem{cherkassky1997implementing}
-Boris~V Cherkassky and Andrew~V Goldberg.
+Boris~V. Cherkassky and Andrew~V. Goldberg.
\newblock On implementing the push—relabel method for the maximum flow
problem.
\newblock {\em Algorithmica}, 19(4):390--410, 1997.
1999.
\bibitem{cohen1993surface}
-Laurent~D Cohen, Eric Bardinet, Nicholas Ayache, et~al.
+Laurent~D. Cohen, Eric Bardinet, Nicholas Ayache, et~al.
\newblock Surface reconstruction using active contour models.
\newblock 1993.
on}, 24(5):603--619, 2002.
\bibitem{cutrona1990synthetic}
-LJ~Cutrona.
+L.J. Cutrona.
\newblock Synthetic aperture radar.
\newblock {\em Radar Handbook, second edition, ed. M. Skolnik, McGraw-Hill, New
York}, 1990.
2006.
\bibitem{felzenszwalb2004efficient}
-Pedro~F Felzenszwalb and Daniel~P Huttenlocher.
+Pedro~F. Felzenszwalb and Daniel~P. Huttenlocher.
\newblock Efficient graph-based image segmentation.
\newblock {\em International Journal of Computer Vision}, 59(2):167--181, 2004.
\newblock In {\em ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Research posters}, page~53. ACM, 2006.
\bibitem{foley1994introduction}
-James~D Foley, Andries Van~Dam, Steven~K Feiner, John~F Hughes, and Richard~L
- Phillips.
+James~D. Foley, Andries Van~Dam, Steven~K. Feiner, John~F. Hughes, and
+ Richard~L. Phillips.
\newblock {\em Introduction to computer graphics}, volume~55.
\newblock Addison-Wesley Reading, 1994.
\bibitem{ford1955simple}
-Lester~Randolph Ford and Delbert~R Fulkerson.
+Lester~Randolph Ford and Delbert~R. Fulkerson.
\newblock {\em A simple algorithm for finding maximal network flows and an
application to the Hitchcock problem}.
\newblock Rand Corporation, 1955.
segmentation.
\newblock {\em IEEE Transactions on Image Processing}, 12(9):995--1006, 2003.
+\bibitem{galland2005minimal}
+Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric Galland and Philippe R{\'e}fr{\'e}gier.
+\newblock Minimal stochastic complexity snake-based technique adapted to an
+ unknown noise model.
+\newblock {\em Optics letters}, 30(17):2239--2241, 2005.
+
\bibitem{GermainR01}
Olivier Germain and Philippe R{\'e}fr{\'e}gier.
\newblock Statistical active grid for segmentation refinement.
Systems}, volume 6475 of {\em Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, pages
46--57. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010.
+\bibitem{snakegvf06}
+Zhiyu He and Falko Kuester.
+\newblock Gpu-based active contour segmentation using gradient vector flow.
+\newblock In George Bebis, Richard Boyle, Bahram Parvin, Darko Koracin, Paolo
+ Remagnino, Ara Nefian, Gopi Meenakshisundaram, Valerio Pascucci, Jiri Zara,
+ Jose Molineros, Holger Theisel, and Tom Malzbender, editors, {\em Advances in
+ Visual Computing}, volume 4291 of {\em Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
+ pages 191--201. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006.
+
\bibitem{healey1994radiometric}
-Glenn~E Healey and Raghava Kondepudy.
+Glenn~E. Healey and Raghava Kondepudy.
\newblock Radiometric ccd camera calibration and noise estimation.
\newblock {\em Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, IEEE Transactions
on}, 16(3):267--276, 1994.
\bibitem{hochbaum2013simplifications}
-Dorit~S Hochbaum and James~B Orlin.
+Dorit~S. Hochbaum and James~B. Orlin.
\newblock Simplifications and speedups of the pseudoflow algorithm.
\newblock {\em Networks}, 61(1):40--57, 2013.
on}, 29(12):2079--2088, 2007.
\bibitem{lefohn2003inter}
-Aaron~E Lefohn, Joshua~E Cates, and Ross~T Whitaker.
+Aaron~E. Lefohn, Joshua~E. Cates, and Ross~T. Whitaker.
\newblock Interactive, gpu-based level sets for 3d segmentation.
\newblock In {\em Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted
Intervention-MICCAI 2003}, pages 564--572. Springer, 2003.
\bibitem{lefohn2003interactive}
-Aaron~E Lefohn, Joe~M Kniss, Charles~D Hansen, and Ross~T Whitaker.
+Aaron~E. Lefohn, Joe~M. Kniss, Charles~D. Hansen, and Ross~T. Whitaker.
\newblock Interactive deformation and visualization of level set surfaces using
graphics hardware.
\newblock In {\em Proceedings of the 14th IEEE Visualization 2003 (VIS'03)},
page~11. IEEE Computer Society, 2003.
\bibitem{lefohn2005streaming}
-Aaron~E Lefohn, Joe~M Kniss, Charles~D Hansen, and Ross~T Whitaker.
+Aaron~E. Lefohn, Joe~M. Kniss, Charles~D. Hansen, and Ross~T. Whitaker.
\newblock A streaming narrow-band algorithm: interactive computation and
visualization of level sets.
\newblock In {\em ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Courses}, page 243. ACM, 2005.
\newblock In {\em Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis}, pages 120--127.
Springer, 2009.
+\bibitem{li2011robust}
+Tao Li, Alexandre Krupa, and Christophe Collewet.
+\newblock A robust parametric active contour based on fourier descriptors.
+\newblock In {\em Image Processing (ICIP), 2011 18th IEEE International
+ Conference on}, pages 1037--1040. IEEE, 2011.
+
\bibitem{macqueen1967some}
James MacQueen et~al.
\newblock Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate
\newblock An introduction to the digital still camera technology.
\newblock {\em ST Journal of System Research}, 2(2), 2001.
+\bibitem{martin2001database}
+David Martin, Charless Fowlkes, Doron Tal, and Jitendra Malik.
+\newblock A database of human segmented natural images and its application to
+ evaluating segmentation algorithms and measuring ecological statistics.
+\newblock In {\em Computer Vision, 2001. ICCV 2001. Proceedings. Eighth IEEE
+ International Conference on}, volume~2, pages 416--423. IEEE, 2001.
+
+\bibitem{matheron75}
+Georges Matheron.
+\newblock {\em Random sets and integral geometry}.
+\newblock Wiley, 1975.
+
\bibitem{coil}
S.A. Nene, S.K. Nayar, and Murase H.
\newblock Columbia object image library (coil-100).
\newblock Technical Report CUCS-006-96, Computer Vision Laboratory, Columbia
University, February 1996.
+\bibitem{CUDAPG}
+NVIDIA Corporation.
+\newblock {\em NVIDIA CUDA C Programming Guide v4.2}, 7 2012.
+
\bibitem{osher1988fronts}
-Stanley Osher and James~A Sethian.
+Stanley Osher and James~A. Sethian.
\newblock Fronts propagating with curvature-dependent speed: algorithms based
on hamilton-jacobi formulations.
\newblock {\em Journal of computational physics}, 79(1):12--49, 1988.
\newblock {\em Systems, Man and Cybernetics, IEEE Transactions on},
9(1):62--66, 1979.
+\bibitem{medianggems5}
+Alan~W. Paeth.
+\newblock Median finding on a 3-by-3 grid.
+\newblock In {\em Graphics Gems V}, pages 171--175. Academic Press, 1995.
+
\bibitem{PALHANOXAVIERDEFONTES}
Fernanda Palhano Xavier De~Fontes, Guillermo Andrade~Barroso, Pierrick
Coup{\'e}, and Pierre Hellier.
\newblock {\em Image Processing, IEEE Transactions on}, 16(9):2389 --2394,
sept. 2007.
+\bibitem{6036776}
+G.~Perrot, S.~Domas, R.~Couturier, and N.~Bertaux.
+\newblock Gpu implementation of a region based algorithm for large images
+ segmentation.
+\newblock In {\em Computer and Information Technology (CIT), 2011 IEEE 11th
+ International Conference on}, pages 291 --298, 31 2011-sept. 2 2011.
+
+\bibitem{perrotbookgpu}
+Gilles Perrot.
+\newblock Image processing.
+\newblock In {\em Designing Scientific Applications on GPUs}, pages 28,70. CRC
+ Press, 2013.
+
+\bibitem{perrot2013fine}
+Gilles Perrot, St{\'e}phane Domas, and Rapha{\"e}l Couturier.
+\newblock Fine-tuned high-speed implementation of a gpu-based median filter.
+\newblock {\em Journal of Signal Processing Systems}, pages 1--6, 2013.
+
+\bibitem{perrotlniv}
+Gilles Perrot, Stéphane Domas, Raphaël Couturier, and Nicolas Bertaux.
+\newblock Fast gpu-based denoising filter using isoline levels.
+\newblock {\em Journal of Real-Time Image Processing}, pages 1--12, 2013.
+
\bibitem{1521458}
T.Q. Pham and L.J. van Vliet.
\newblock Separable bilateral filtering for fast video preprocessing.
\newblock In {\em Multimedia and Expo, 2005. ICME 2005. IEEE International
Conference on}, pages 4 pp.--, 2005.
+\bibitem{tid2008a}
+Nikolay Ponomarenko, Vladimir Lukin, Alexander Zelensky, Karen Egiazarian,
+ M~Carli, and F~Battisti.
+\newblock Tid2008-a database for evaluation of full-reference visual quality
+ assessment metrics.
+\newblock {\em Advances of Modern Radioelectronics}, 10(4):30--45, 2009.
+
+\bibitem{psnrhvsm}
+Nikolay Ponomarenko, Flavia Silvestri, Karen Egiazarian, Marco Carli, Jaakko
+ Astola, and Vladimir Lukin.
+\newblock On between-coefficient contrast masking of dct basis functions.
+\newblock In {\em Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Video
+ Processing and Quality Metrics}, volume~4, 2007.
+
\bibitem{4587843}
F.~Porikli.
\newblock Constant time o(1) bilateral filtering.
\newblock In {\em Image Processing, 2001. Proceedings. 2001 International
Conference on}, volume~3, pages 1103--1106. IEEE, 2001.
+\bibitem{sanchezICASSP12}
+Ricardo~M. Sanchez and Paul~A. Rodriguez.
+\newblock Bidimensional median filter for parallel computing architectures.
+\newblock In {\em Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), 2012 IEEE
+ International Conference on}, pages 1549--1552, march 2012.
+
\bibitem{6288187}
R.M. Sanchez and P.A. Rodriguez.
\newblock Bidimensional median filter for parallel computing architectures.
International Conference on}, pages 1549 --1552, march 2012.
\bibitem{sethian1996fast}
-James~A Sethian.
+James~A. Sethian.
\newblock A fast marching level set method for monotonically advancing fronts.
\newblock {\em Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
93(4):1591--1595, 1996.
\bibitem{kmeansgpuopengl}
-S.A.Arul Shalom, Manoranjan Dash, and Minh Tue.
+S.A.~Arul Shalom, Manoranjan Dash, and Minh Tue.
\newblock Efficient k-means clustering using accelerated graphics processors.
\newblock In Il-Yeol Song, Johann Eder, and ThoManh Nguyen, editors, {\em Data
Warehousing and Knowledge Discovery}, volume 5182 of {\em Lecture Notes in
\newblock {\em Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, IEEE Transactions
on}, 22(8):888--905, 2000.
+\bibitem{snakegvfopencl12}
+Erik Smistad, Anne~C. Elster, and Frank Lindseth.
+\newblock Real-time gradient vector flow on gpus using opencl.
+\newblock {\em Journal of Real-Time Image Processing}, pages 1--8, 2012.
+
\bibitem{convolutionsoup}
J.~Stam.
\newblock Convolution soup.
\newblock The discrete cosine transform.
\newblock {\em SIAM review}, 41(1):135--147, 1999.
+\bibitem{sanchez2013highly}
+RicardoM. Sánchez and PaulA. Rodríguez.
+\newblock Highly parallelable bidimensional median filter for modern parallel
+ programming models.
+\newblock {\em Journal of Signal Processing Systems}, 71(3):221--235, 2013.
+
\bibitem{theuwissen2001ccd}
-Albert~JP Theuwissen.
+Albert~J.P. Theuwissen.
\newblock Ccd or cmos image sensors for consumer digital still photography?
\newblock In {\em VLSI Technology, Systems, and Applications, 2001. Proceedings
of Technical Papers. 2001 International Symposium on}, pages 168--171. IEEE,
\newblock {\em Exploratory Data Analysis}.
\newblock Addison-Wesley, 1977.
+\bibitem{van2004detection}
+Harry~L Van~Trees.
+\newblock {\em Detection, estimation, and modulation theory}.
+\newblock Wiley. com, 2004.
+
\bibitem{vedaldi2008quick}
Andrea Vedaldi and Stefano Soatto.
\newblock Quick shift and kernel methods for mode seeking.
\newblock In {\em Proceedings of the Conference on High Performance Graphics
2009}, HPG '09, pages 167--171, New York, NY, USA, 2009. ACM.
+\bibitem{volkov2010better}
+Vasily Volkov.
+\newblock Better performance at lower occupancy.
+\newblock {\em Proceedings of the GPU Technology Conference, GTC}, 10, 2010.
+
\bibitem{wang2001image}
Song Wang and Jeffrey~Mark Siskind.
\newblock Image segmentation with minimum mean cut.
similarity.
\newblock {\em IEEE Transactions on Image Processing}, 13:600--612, 2004.
+\bibitem{wong2010demystifying}
+Henry Wong, M-M Papadopoulou, Maryam Sadooghi-Alvandi, and Andreas Moshovos.
+\newblock Demystifying gpu microarchitecture through microbenchmarking.
+\newblock In {\em Performance Analysis of Systems \& Software (ISPASS), 2010
+ IEEE International Symposium on}, pages 235--246. IEEE, 2010.
+
\bibitem{wu1993optimal}
Zhenyu Wu and Richard Leahy.
\newblock An optimal graph theoretic approach to data clustering: Theory and
\newblock {\em Workshop on High Performance Image Reconstruction (HPIR)}, pages
52--55, 2011.
+\bibitem{zheng2012fast}
+Zuoyong Zheng and Ruixia Zhang.
+\newblock A fast gvf snake algorithm on the gpu.
+\newblock {\em image}, 2:4, 2012.
+
\end{thebibliography}
