In the latter, the authors show that the
machine learning step, (which is often
implemented as support vector machine)
-can be a favourably executed thanks to an Ensemble Classifiers.
+can be a favorably executed thanks to an Ensemble Classifiers.
\end{table}
-Results show that our approach is more easily detectable than HUGO which is
-is the more secure steganography tool, as far we know. However due to its
+Results show that our approach is more easily detectable than HUGO, which
+is the most secure steganographic tool, as far as we know. However due to its
huge number of features integration, it is not lightweight.
This work considers digital images as covers and it is based on
spatial least significant-bit (LSB) replacement.
-In this data hiding scheme a subset of all the LSB of the cover image is modified
+In this data hiding scheme a subset of all the LSBs of the cover image is modified
with a secret bit stream depending on a key, the cover, and the message to embed.
This well studied steganographic approach never decreases (resp. increases)
pixel with even value (resp. odd value) and may break structural symmetry.
We argue that modifying edge pixels is an acceptable compromise.
Edges form the outline of an object: they are the boundary between overlapping objects or between an object
and the background. A small modification of pixel value in the stego image should not be harmful to the image quality:
-in cover image, edge pixels already break its continuity and thus already contain large variation with neighbouring
+in cover image, edge pixels already break its continuity and thus already contain large variation with neighboring
pixels. In other words, minor changes in regular area are more dramatic than larger modifications in edge ones.
Our proposal is thus to embed message bits into edge shapes while preserving other smooth regions.
However, it has been shown that the distinguish error with LSB embedding is fewer than
the one with some binary embedding~\cite{DBLP:journals/tifs/FillerJF11}.
We thus propose to take benefit of these optimized embedding, provided it is not too time consuming.
-In the latter, an hybrid edge detector is presented followed by an ad'hoc
+In the latter, an hybrid edge detector is presented followed by an ad hoc
embedding approach.
The Edge detection is computed by combining fuzzy logic~\cite{Tyan1993}
and Canny~\cite{Canny:1986:CAE:11274.11275} approaches. The goal of this combination
produce stego content
with only considering the payload, not the type of image signal: the higher the payload is,
the better the approach is said to be.
-Contrarely, we argue that some images should not be taken as a cover because of the nature of their signal.
+Contrarily, we argue that some images should not be taken as a cover because of the nature of their signal.
Consider for instance a uniformly black image: a very tiny modification of its pixels can be easily detectable.
The approach we propose is thus to provide a self adaptive algorithm with a high payload, which depends on the
cover signal.
scheme, which takes into consideration the cover image
an which is amenable to be executed on small devices.
-The rest of the paper is organised as follows.
+The rest of the paper is organized as follows.
Section~\ref{sec:ourapproach} presents the details of our steganographic scheme.
Section~\ref{sec:experiments} shows experiments on image quality, steganalytic evaluation, complexity of our approach
and compare them to state of the art steganographic schemes.
\usepackage{color}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{url}
+\usepackage{cite}
% correct bad hyphenation here
\hyphenation{op-tical net-works semi-conduc-tor}
\begin{document}
\title{STABYLO:
-a lightweight stego-secure edge-based steganography approach}
+a lightweight stego-secure edge-based steganographic approach}
\author{Jean-Fran\c cois Couchot, Raphael Couturier, and Christophe Guyeux*
Computer Science Laboratory DISC
University of Franche-Comt\'{e}
Besan\c con, France.\\
- \{jean-francois.couchot,raphael.couturier, christophe.guyeux\}@femto-st.fr\\
-* Authors in alphabetic order.\\
+ \{jean-francois.couchot, raphael.couturier, christophe.guyeux\}@femto-st.fr\\
+ $*:$ Authors in alphabetic order.\\
}
\newcommand{\JFC}[1]{\begin{color}{green}\textit{#1}\end{color}}
\newcommand{\RC}[1]{\begin{color}{red}\textit{#1}\end{color}}
Steganography, least-significant-bit (LSB)-based steganography, edge detection, Canny filter, security, syndrome treillis code.
\end{IEEEkeywords}
+\begin{abstract}
+Todo
+\end{abstract}
